The thesis substantiates the theoretical and methodological basics for new approach of solving theoretical and methodological problems in the field of land use economics, which are related to the search for resource sources for ensuring an acceptable level of agroecological and food security through the reproduction and preservation of agro-resource potential. According to the proposed approach the increasing profits in the production of a commodity group of agricultural crops through the depletion of agro-resource potential becomes economically unprofitable. The efficiency of agro-enterprises becomes dependent on not only volumes of produced products and their quality, but on the quality of soil cover on agricultural lands, which are formed by harvests and cultivation of agricultural land. Instead, the formation and development of the new financial and economic instrument of the domestic carbon market with the restoration and preservation of the agricultural lands fertility is a factor in achieving of an acceptable agroecological and food security level. In addition, this ensures the preservation of positive indicators of the production activity profitability of agribusinesses and opens new sources of financial and economic revenues in the agricultural sector, stimulates the development of related industries, contributes to solving the ecological problem and improving the socio-economic situation. The source of these financial revenues is the potential sales of carbon units are the result of scientifically grounded low-carbon land use.
Theoretical and methodological approaches are developed for the improvement of the existing system of ecological and economic mechanism of providing low-carbon land-using through proposed changes in the instrument of normative monetary valuation of agricultural land plots, which is the primary position of the functioning for all financial and economic instruments of a market nature. The link between the instrument of the domestic carbon market and the system of financial and economic instruments, levers and approaches to land transactions, as well as with the tool of free economic turnover of agricultural land plots are shown.
The development of institutional infrastructure is crucial for ensuring the inventory of carbon stocks changes in the mineral soils pool, monitoring their condition and the level of the introduction of a system of low carbon land-using measures. The goals of fixing this information, issuing certificates resulting from an increase in carbon stocks, turnover these financial and economic documents and the direction and nature of the use of funds received by the land owners or land users require the formation and launch of information and registration systems that proposed. Thus, the way of raising the level of capitalization of agricultural lands, which until recently have been underestimated, also the value of land resources remains undervalued and taken into account in the process of agricultural production, opens. In addition, there is a supplementary financing source of restore land measures, for which it is now impossible to identify economic entities that caused damage. Such lands include technologically disturbed lands, erosion-affected or degraded before the period of independence of Ukraine, or the subjects of economic activity went bankrupt, and for these reasons, the burden of financial expenditures is borne by the budget sphere.
It is proved that the effectiveness of the formation and functioning of the financial and economic instrument of the domestic carbon market, as a component of the ecological and economic mechanism for the provision of low-carbon land use, requires the introduction of a market turning of agricultural land. It was noted that the strengthening of the ecological-economic mechanism by introducing a financial and economic domestic carbon market tool of the land-use sector changes the system of organizational and economic ties. This creates conditions for a new quality for agricultural management, in which land becomes not only a factor of production, but also a driving force of economic development due to the influence on the formation of the system of financial and resource flows, which increases the role of land resources as natural capital.
In this context, the logical extension there are proposed strategic directions for developing the domestic carbon market of the land use sector, the imperatives for the provision of low-carbon land use defined, which significantly enhances the role of land resources in the financial and economic system of the state. As a result of the increasing level of capitalization of land resources, the integration processes between different segments of the economic system are greatly accelerated, which not only opens the way to economic progress, but also contributes to the improvement of the socio-economic situation in the country.
