The dissertation is devoted to the development of theoretical-methodological and methodic approaches, practical recommendations for the evaluation of fiscal policy and to increase its efficiency as well as adaptability in the conditions of modernizing the financial system.
The concept of fiscal policy that has revealed its structural and functional components in their interaction and interpenetration, formulated goals, objectives, principles and substantiated tools of fiscal policy in the conditions of modernizing the financial system has been developed. The conceptual model of fiscal policy assessment that allowed the development of measures to improve its effectiveness and adaptability has been elaborated. The complex scientific and methodological approach to the formation of the system of assessment indicators of the fiscal system functioning that allowed to reveal the positive and negative tendencies in the functioning of the fiscal system, both by a separate block and the basic management functions have been offered. The methodology of complex, systematic assessment of fiscal policy, based on the evaluation of the impact of fiscal policy on macroeconomic processes as well as the evaluation of the effectiveness of the fiscal system, the parameters of which are determined by the conditions of fiscal policy by its main blocks (tax, budget, debt and social) has been suggested.
The conceptual apparatus of studying fiscal policy under conditions of modernizing the financial system has been expanded and the essence of definitions: «modernization», «modernization of the financial system», «fiscal policy» has been revealed in the thesis. The definition of «fiscal policy» is supposed to mean a set of measures, methods and approaches of government aimed at the formation, distribution and use of centralized state funds, resolving contradictions arising in response to external and internal fiscal shocks, smoothing of imbalances that are formed in the fiscal, by changing the system of taxation, public expenditure, debt financing and social contributions, in order to achieve the objectives of the strategy of socio-economic development of the state. The expediency of separating the structural and functional components of fiscal policy and their main tasks, goals and functions has been substantiated. This contributed to the formalization of the methodology of assessing fiscal policy by its individual structural and functional components and allowed to identify requiring corrections as well as became the basis for the development of indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of the fiscal system.
In the thesis the scientific and practical approaches to the analysis of fiscal policy instruments in the conditions of modernizing the financial system have been developed. The periodization of the transformation processes of the tax component of the fiscal policy of Ukraine has been improved. It is proved that in the conditions of modernizing the financial system, digitization is considered to be a time requirement, and digital technologies are the means that can accelerate the achievement of the goals set and the realization of the specified objectives of fiscal policy as well as increase its flexibility. Scientific and practical approaches based on the use of regression models have revealed the deep causes of fiscal risks, endogenous and exogenous stressors and developed proposals to reduce their impact, identify the factors of inefficient use of budget funds and establish key determinants for the emergence of imbalance.
The formalization of interconnections between structural and functional components of fiscal policy on the basis of multidimensional statistical analysis and consideration of the impact of fiscal policy on macroeconomic processes has been verified. Scientific and methodological approaches to the evaluation of the efficiency of the fiscal system functioning and the assessment of the impact of the fiscal burden on macroeconomic processes have been developed.
The strategic priorities of the fiscal policy in stimulating the socio-economic development, based on the developed scientific and methodological approach that allowed to structure them into separate structural and functional components of the fiscal policy have been determined. The integrity of organizational and institutional support for the implementation of fiscal policy has been substantiated and defined.
