Dedov O. Creation of energy-saving vibration sealing machines of the construction industry based on purposeful harmonization of movement

The dissertation is devoted to the solution of the actual scientific and applied problem, which consists in the development of scientifically sound methods of calculation and creation of a new class of vibrating machines and devices on the basis of purposeful harmonization of movement of working organs and processed environments.In the first section the scope and design features of the sealing equipment are considered, the design decisions of machine designs for compac of building mixtures, working bodies and auxiliary equipment are evaluated. The general analysis of physical and mathematical models for the calculation of structural elements and parameters of the workflow is carried out, and the methods of load accounting in the calculation of the parameters of vibrating machines are considered. Areas of research are formulated. The second section presents the methodology and research methods of the proposed new models, which represent the subsystems machine and environment as a single vibration system. In the third section the dependences for the description of the process of compaction of mixtures by discrete and continuous models are obtained and the parameters of resonant vibration systems with directional and spatial vibrations are determined. Finite element models are grounded and created. The fourth section is devoted to the results of the study of structures under the influence of static and dynamic loads. The results of calculations for natural frequencies and forms of oscillations are given. Vibrations of oscillations were constructed and the numerical values of the amplitude of oscillations, stresses and strains were obtained. As a result of a combination of such actions, we obtained rational modes of operation at all stages of compaction. Thus, the value of dynamic pressure is in the range of 0.01..0.04 MPa in the zone of contact of the system "working body of the machine is a sealed medium". The influence of elastic elements in vibration and vibration shock modes, which provide stable in-phase mode of movement of the upper mass of the installation and in the zone of contact with the sealing medium, is investigated. This mode reduced energy consumption by 18%. The oscillation mode of the forming frame in the frequency range 170-190 Hz was implemented by the use of pneumatic oscillators. Investigations at frequencies f1 = 182.50 and 199 Hz revealed a form of oscillation that provides resonance of the forming plate, and the oscillations of the bearing structures of the vibrating plant are insignificant. The energy intensity of the molding process has decreased by 50 percent compared to the resonant vibration pad. The computational model of the machine – environment system taking into account the interaction of the working body and the compaction mixture is developed. It is based on the condition for determining contact forces of interaction between the subsystems and estimation of the ratio of the time of action and time of wave propagation. The influence of elastic-inertial components was revealed, as evidenced by an increase in stresses in transitional oscillation modes by 20–25 %. The influence of dissipative forces of the medium on the system’s motion is revealed by the phase shift by the angle of π/4 between the directions of the driving force and stress. According to the results of computer simulation, an experimental setup was designed and manufactured. The results of the studies are presented in the fifth section. The operating modes at which a complex stress-strain state occurs in the forming surface, which confirmed the hypothesis of its significant influence on the process of compaction of the concrete mixture. The analysis of the numerical values of the oscillation amplitudes, determined theoretically and measured as a result of experimental studies, differ by 14%. The difference in voltage values is 17%. The complex of experimental researches according to the developed program on the created experimental installations was carried out. The results of the researches made it possible to formulate the basic principles of creation of new machines of vibration impact, the algorithm of the method of calculation of such machines is given, the recommended designs and technical solutions of components of the machine are given the efficiency of the performed researches is made. The effectiveness of the studies performed was evaluated. The research results have been implemented into the educational process, regulatory documentation and industry.