Yarosh Y. Political Competition of Parliamentary Parties.

The degree of scientific development of the problem of political competition of parliamentary parties in particular, methodological and conceptual foundations of the study are revealed in the thesis. The specificity of political competition in modern political processes is revealed. The attention is focused on the peculiarities of transformation of the legal framework of the functioning of political parties and the dynamics of their structuring. The analysis of objective and subjective factors that influence methods and means of activity of parliamentary political parties during political struggle is carried out. It is established that the political competition of parliamentary parties can be studied through political discourse, which is able to act as an effective resource (pro-government or opposition parties) by constructing and drawing certain outlines of political reality and which is able to legitimize certain political subjects. In political discourse, a certain conditional reality is realized and constructed, claiming to become a political practice. In other words, new rules of the game can be created through discussion among political parties about the dichotomy of «democracy–authoritarianism» in the electoral process. Political competition between political parties can have both positive and negative aspects for the development of society. The positive components include democratization and regulation of the political process on a competitive basis, the formation of an activist political culture among citizens, political socialization of the person, countering social apathy, absenteeism and political radicalism. The negative components include the threat to the development of democracy and its values, as during the electoral processes, political parties use manipulative technologies and can become a means to achieve shady, criminal and inhumane goals.