Kovalenko V. Agrobiological basis for increasing the productivity of perennial leguminous grasses in different soil and climatic Zones of Ukraine

The object of research - the process of optimizing the formation of zones of stable production of alfalfa, clover, sainfoin in connection with meteorological factors, the frequency and duration of adverse weather conditions; the process of intensification of grain cultivation of the studied crops in the main zone of their production. The purpose of research is to theoretically substantiate and develop agrobiological bases of intensification of alfalfa, clover and sainfoin sowing on the basis of establishing quantitative parameters of formation and functioning of stable production zones, level of realization in them, depending on various factors. Research methods - field; laboratory; statistical; comparative calculation. Research results - For theory: For the first time the principles of intensification of perennial legumes cultivation, formation and functioning of zones of their stable production taking into account biological requirements of plants to climatic factors, weather conditions of regions and technological factors are agrobiologically and ecologically substantiated. The optimal quantitative parameters of the main indicators of weather conditions during the growing season are revealed and the critical periods of formation of the perennial legume crop in the main regions of their cultivation are established. For practice: The optimal according to the main criteria of weather conditions of the zones of the most efficient production of green mass of alfalfa, clover, sainfoin; development and implementation in the production of competitive technologies for growing zoned and promising varieties of these crops, which provide a stable yield of high quality green mass: alfalfa sowing at 25-40 t / ha, meadow clover - 20-27 t / ha, sainfoin - 20- 23 t / ha. Scope of use - agricultural enterprises of the Forest-Steppe and Steppe of Ukraine.