The thesis for the degree of doctor technical sciences, specialty 21.06.01 – ecological safety. – National Aviation University, Kyiv, 2020. The dissertation is dedicated to solving the scientific and applied problem of reducing and preventing the negative impact of aircraft noise and electromagnetic fields on the population and the environment around the airport. An improvement of the ICAO DOC 9911 model is proposed for calculating noise contours by taking into account the aerodynamic configuration of the aircraft, including an updated estimate of the correction for the influence of the earth's surface and corrections for the directivity of radiation in the rear hemisphere for various types of aircraft engines. This allows you to reduce the noise exposure level for one event, to increase the accuracy of the installation of regulated building zones, to reduce the number of annoying people from noise in this area, using a risk-based approach, in addition to a balanced approach for noise management, taking into account non-acoustic factors of population vulnerability. It is proposed to reduce the error of the influence of the earth's surface by removing the effect of interference from the NPD dependences and taking into account the corrections for each spectral class of the aircraft (turbojet, turbofan, turbopropeller) during takeoff / landing for two types of sound reflection surfaces - soft and acoustically hard. A correction for the directivity of the emission of sound waves into the rear hemisphere for weight categories of aircraft is proposed as a fourth-order dependence, unlike a second-order equation, which describes any type of engine in the ICAO model. This significantly increases the accuracy of calculating noise levels and allows you to take into account the noise generated during taxiing of aircraft, testing engines, using auxiliary power plants, which were previously neglected and not taken into account in the ICAO model when calculating aircraft noise levels and constructing generalized noise contours outside the airport. A risk-oriented approach is proposed in addition to a balanced approach to aviation noise management that provides the most accurate exposure estimation, the ability to manage non-acoustic factors of population vulnerability in order to reduce the number of irritated people as the end result of the impact of aviation noise around the airport. The process of calculating and constructing aircraft noise contours using a GIS platform was automated. This allows you to identify areas of limited building, reduce the amount of annoyed people from exposure to aircraft noise by providing reliable information about the noise level of both the airport administration and the public in order to control the public's response to noise. A complex of models for spatial distribution of industrial-frequency electromagnetic fields around dispersed and local sources most critical in terms of electromagnetic effects on people and the environment has been substantiated and implemented. This allows to obtain the integral value of the electromagnetic load on the territories and individual objects in a complex electromagnetic environment. Methodological foundations have been improved and modeling of spatial distributions of electromagnetic fields of overhead and cable power lines, multiple sources with different patterns of their generation and distribution in buildings and territories have been automated, which have been allowed to rationalize the general layout of their placement and implement measures for electromagnetic safety on the principles of reasonable sufficiency. Methodological and technological bases for the design and development of composite metal-polymer materials for shielding electromagnetic fields and noise by controlling the coefficient of shielding the magnetic field are proposed. The practical significance of the research results is confirmed by a certificate of registration of copyright on a work in the form of a computer program, patents for a utility model, acts of implementation at enterprises.
Keywords: monitoring, evaluation, modeling, aviation noise, noise criteria, electromagnetic fields, dispersed and local sources, information system, geoinformation system.
