Ostroumov I. Methodological foundation of integrated aircraft positioning by multiple navigational aids under risk condition

Thesis is dedicated to solve scientific-technic problem of aircraft coordinates’ accuracy improvement in the case of primary positioning system malfunction in order to guarantee performance-based navigation requirements. New methods of aircraft positioning by advanced integration of measured data from air navigation sensors and values predicted by regression model obtained with a help of previous measurements were developed. In particular, positioning methods by aggregate data from distance measuring equipment, angular information from omni-directional beacons, and their combinations have been developed, which allows to increase the accuracy of each of the methods by choosing the optimal geometry of the relative positioning in comparison with the existing methods of positioning by pairs of navigation means. The methods of airplane positioning by data of traffic collision and avoidance system and information about the air traffic, obtained by automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast, which allows to estimate the coordinates of the aircraft taking into account the areas of uncertainty, are offered. Developed passive positioning method uses navigational signals of distance measuring equipment available in space as a reference signal to obtain a temporal difference in the signals fixation on-board the aircraft, that reduce the load of ground-based infrastructure. The method of estimating the availability of navigation aids has been improved, by taking into account the individual characteristics of ground equipment, the influence of the troposphere, terrain and artificial structures on the propagation of signals, that helps to identify operational volume of navigational aids. Models of probabilistic classifier for controlling the holding of navigation characteristics, which guarantee recognition of compliance with the air navigation specifications with maximum probability, were first proposed. The optimization problem of choosing the optimal set of radio navigation aids in terms of integer linear programming is formulated and solved, which allows optimal use of the terrestrial segment of navigation equipment. In this paper, we first developed a model for estimating the characteristics of a field of navigation signals generated by navigational aids in three-dimensional space, which allows to obtain an accurate three-dimensional model of volume in accordance with the specifications of area navigation for air traffic planning tasks. The model is based on an iterative approach to evaluate the positioning characteristics of various methods using the partitioning of air space into elementary particles and the integral estimation of the contours of spatial objects. The developed model was used to evaluate three-dimensional volume of air space compliance with different area navigational requirements within Ukrainian airspace.