This thesis presents the solution of the actual scientific problem of development the theoretical basis of complex maintenance of safety critical radio electronic system (SCRES) with a required level of functional safety and reliability. The developed means (methods, models, algorithms and techniques) enable an identifying the weaknesses in the SCRES design in terms of functional safety at the stage of system design. This allows an engineer to reasonably induce necessary types of redundancy (structural, temporary, functional) to increase both functional safety and reliability of SCRES. Thus, the developed tools give the opportunity to synthesize a fault-tolerant structure, behavior algorithm and maintenance strategy, which ensure that the SCRES will not fall into an emergency.
Modern methods of assessing functional safety indexes are based on the determination of minimal cut sets, which show the weaknesses of the SCRES. To obtain minimal cut sets, these methods use fault trees, dynamic fault trees, event trees, or binary decision diagrams. However, the known methods don’t allow to take into account the impact on the SCRES functional safety of fault-tolerant majority structures with reconfiguration, fault-tolerant two-tier majority structures, maintenance strategies, temporary and functional redundancy in behavior algorithms. Also, a significant disadvantage of existing methods is that they don’t give the opportunity to obtain both functional safety indexes and reliability indexes on the basis of a single model. So, it can lead to the condition when the reliability of the SCRES is reduced with the induction of additional tools for increasing functional safety. Also, these methods aren’t suitable enough for solving synthesis tasks via multivariate analysis for a short period time, what is very important at the stage of system design.
In the dissertation, a new method is proposed for automated definition of types of in-operable states. This method provides a classification of inoperable states of the SCRES according to the level of critical failures and allows obtaining trajectories of accidents. Based on this method, a new technique is proposed for development of complex dynamic models of SCRES in the form of a graph of states and transitions. This technique, unlike the existing ones, allows determining both minimal cut sets and reliability indexes of SCRES without constructing appropriate fault tree.
To reflect the relationship between indexes of functional safety and reliability of fault-tolerant structures, behavior algorithms and maintenance strategies, new indexes and char-acteristics of functional safety are proposed: the accident function; frequency of fall into an accident state; probability of fall into a pre-accident state; the average value of the probabil-ity of a minimal cut set existence.
New models of strategies for planned and preventive maintenance and emergency re-covery have been developed to take into account the impact of SCRES downtime on func-tional safety indexes during maintenance and repair procedures.
These models enabled the development of method for synthesizing a maintenance strategy which guarantees to maintain a required level of functional safety of the SCRES. New method was developed to calculate the average value of the probability of the minimal cut set existence that gives an opportunity to solve the problem of minimizing impact of latent failures on the functional safety. This method makes it possible to obtain dependable values of the probabilities of the minimal cut sets existence for cases when the minimal cut set contains only latent failures or a combination of latent and active failures.
New models of fault-tolerant SCRESs with majority structures were developed, which, in contrast to the existing ones, allow to take into account the impact of the use of reconfiguration of the majority structure, two-tier majority structure, maintenance and repair on the functional safety. The proposed models make it possible to solve the problem of synthesis of fault-tolerant systems for SCRES with a required level of functional safety and appropriate level of structural redundancy, that is especially important for onboard information and control systems of aircrafts, including unmanned vehicles, for which mass and size restrictions are critical.
New methodology for the synthesis of safe behavior algorithms of the SCRES was developed, which, in contrast to the existing ones, takes into account the impact of time and functional redundancy on the functional safety of SCRES. This methodology shows the way to achieve a required level of probability of the task execution with the minimum value of the frequency of accidents.
