Meleshchenko R. Engineering and technical methods of prevention of man-made emergencies at critical infrastructure facilities by means of operative control of the air environment

The dissertation is devoted to solving an important scientific problem in the field of civil protection - the creation of new methods of prevention of man-made emergencies at critical infrastructure through operational control of the air in the premises and on the territory (near) facilities. New scientifically substantiated mathematical models and corresponding engineering and technical methods of prevention of emergencies of technogenic character on objects of critical infrastructure by means of operative control of a condition of air environment in premises and in the territory (near) objects are developed. The results of experimental verification of the proposed mathematical models and engineering methods are presented. The results of experiments performed in the laboratory chamber during the ignition of test materials and measurement of air hazards, confirmed the efficiency of the proposed models and engineering method of preventing man-made emergencies due to fires (explosions) in critical infrastructure. The reliability of models and engineering methods of emergency prevention due to the presence of harmful substances in the air was checked on the basis of real measurements of the current concentration of air pollutants at stationary posts of typical urban configuration with an air pollution index of 6.8 units. and their ability to detect a priori a reliable dangerous event. The obtained results testify to the reliability of the proposed models and engineering method of emergency prevention due to the presence of harmful substances in the air in the area (near) the object. Based on the proposed engineering methods of preventing emergencies of man-made nature due to fires (explosions) and due to the presence of harmful substances in the air, a new comprehensive system of operational control and management of air pollution. The developed complex system includes three systems - the system of current measurement of air pollution (hazardous substances), the system of support for operational management decision-making and the system of implementation of such a decision.