In the dissertation, the new decision of an actual problem of management of solid household waste which includes polymers is generalized and scientifically substantiated. The suggested way of management is safe both for the health of the population and components of the environment. Based on the comprehensive, experimental, ecological- hygienic, and sanitary-epidemiological researches conducted in the field of management of solid waste containing polymers, the weight of the burden on all spheres of public activity and the possibility of its reduction due to scientific conceptual approaches revealed. The last one is possible as a result of improving the legislative and regulatory framework, taking into account the best practices and experience of EU member states and the introduction of developed low-waste environmentally friendly technology of mechanical processing of polymer waste. It has been scientifically substantiated and experimentally confirmed that filling of cement-sand compositions with mechanically processed polymers and surfactant application on their surface improves their ecological and hygienic properties. The possibility and efficiency of repeated use of sorbents from mechanically processed polymers for collecting oil from the water surface, at normal, elevated and reduced temperatures, removal of dissolved oil products from industrial and urban wastewater have been substantiated and confirmed. The process of intensification of flotation extraction of oil from water-oil mixtures by adding vegetable surfactants and mechanically processed polymers coated with them has been studied. The expediency of introducing new pro-European conceptual approaches to improving the management and treatment of solid waste, containing polymers, from radical changes on a national level to small, low-cost, gradual steps aimed to remodel public perceptions of waste management in Ukraine has been substantiated. The study established the boundaries of the sanitary protection zone, the hazard index and the degree of non-carcinogenic effects on human health for the process of mechanical processing of secondary polymers with a stage of mechanical activation. The prospects of using products of secondary polymer processing as fillers in construction compositions to improve their properties, reusable safe sorbents for extraction of oil from the water surface and water-oil mixtures, as well as in other sectors of the economy have been proved. A comprehensive sanitary and hygienic assessment of: biological safety of waste and products of mechanical processing of secondary polymers by traditional technology and developed, with the stage of mechanical activation; working conditions of operators of the process of mechanical processing of secondary polymers and developed a set of measures aimed at optimizing working conditions. It is found that the transportation and disposal of solid waste, containing polymers at landfills, has a significant impact on all components of the biosphere not only at the garbage dump but surrounding areas as well. All studied substances had concentrations, which significantly excessed hygienic standards. The last one provokes the acute and chronic diseases of various forms and genesis in the population, living in the affected area. It is proved that the most promising for Ukraine is the European way of solid waste management. It means the development of mechanical recycling technologies as the most universal, simple, quickly implemented and environmentally friendly, excluding expensive high-tech equipment.The technology of mechanical processing of polymeric household waste which includes the stage of mechanical activation.The created technology reduces the energy and material resources needs in several times, while deeps and intensifies the recycling process. It is established that the working conditions of employees, engaged in the process of recycling of mixed polymer waste, are characterized by a combined effect of a complex adverse production factors of different actions on the organism. The main ones are dustiness (predominance of polymer particles of mixed and unstable composition) in the working area, noise, cooling microclimate. It is proved that the addition of mechanically activated polymer waste to cement- sand compositions, improves strength by 38.6±3.42 %, corrosion resistance in water aggressive environments by 257±5.42 %%, thermal insulation properties by 57.9±4.21% and sound insulation properties by 99ю47±0.22% comparing to control samples without polymers. It is established that the best sorbent qualities have mixtures of wastes PE + PP up to 36.7±0.54 g / g with a filler size (3.5 - 5.0) ? (60-100) mm. The oil absorption becomes better after the first cycle of regeneration (extraction) for sorbents, made from PET and PVC waste. PVC sorbents withstand up to 57 cycles of regeneration, giving away 83.4±0.6 % or more of absorbed oil. The process of flotation extraction of oil from water-oil mixtures occurs in a standstills modified device. Simultaneous introduction of plant surfactants made from Milnyanka medicinal (Saponaria officinalis L) and a sorbent made from mechanically activated plastic waste, covered the same surfactant, into the water-oil mixture, provides the degree of efficiency from 85.15±3.72% (with PE sorbents) to 87.1±3.16 %% Keywords: ecological and hygienic assessment of polymer waste, polymer waste, processing of secondary polymers, bioindication, phytotoxicity assessment, non-carcinogenic effects, hazard index, waste sorbents, waste management.
