The dissertation is devoted to the complex research of clinical and phenomenological features of the primary episode of bipolar affective disorder, predisposing factors, individual psychological characteristics of patients, pathopsychological manifestations, features of cognitive disorders, quality of life of suicidal behavior, which became the basis for diagnosis in the primary episode of bipolar disorder. The study was based on a retrospective study of the primary episode of BAS based on the analysis of medical records of 402 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of BAS, clinical and psychodiagnostic examination of 153 patients with primary episodes of BAS, divided into groups depending on the clinical variant of the primary episode: women), manic variant (15 men and 8 women) and mixed variant (6 men and 5 women).
To implement the goals and objectives of the study, a set of methods was used, which included: clinical-anamnestic, clinical-psychopathological, psychodiagnostic, psychometric, statistical-mathematical methods. The socio-demographic characteristics inherent in patients, a high level of burden of heredity, the predominance in the structure of psychopathological symptoms of dyssomnia, manifestations of asthenia, somatovegetative symptoms, attention disorders, manifestations of apathy, fear and anxiety, obsessions. It is established that the leading psychopathological construct of the depressive variant is depressive and dissomnic syndromes, auxiliary - anxiety, dysphoric, affective-labile and apato-melancholic manifestations; in the manic variant, the leading psychopathological construct is the manifestations of hyperthymia and angry mania, auxiliary - affective lability and sensitivity; and the mixed variant is characterized by polymorphism of psychopathological manifestations.
It is established that the main predictors of bipolarity in the primary episode are hypomanic and manic manifestations, the severity of which can be used as an indicator of bipolarity. The individual psychological characteristics of patients are determined; the predominance of unconstructive variants of coping behavior was established in them. The expressed displays of cognitive dysfunction which spectrum is associated with a clinical variant are established. There is a dissociation between self-assessment and objective assessment of quality of life, and a moderate risk of suicidal behavior. Based on the obtained data, a comprehensive program of treatment and rehabilitation measures for the primary episode of BAS has been scientifically substantiated, developed and put into practice.
