Object. Retinopathy of prematurity. Purpose. Improve the effectiveness of ophthalmic care for children with retinopathy of prematurity by developing and implementing a system of differential approach to screening, diagnosis and treatment. Methods. General ophthalmological (visometry, sciascopy / autorefractometry, presence of strabismus and stereo vision, non-contact tonometry, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy) were used in the work; instrumental (ultrasonic biometrics, spectral optical coherence tomography (SOCT), visual evoked potentials (VEP), digital photo and video fixation of the fundus using a camera "PanoCam LT"; laboratory (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay); statistical research methods. Scientific novelty. For the first time, presented data on the prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity in Odessa region in premature infants weighing up to 2500 g. Added scientific data on the main factors influencing the effectiveness of laser treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (prethreshold stage type 1, threshold stage and aggressive posterior retinopathy). A mathematical model for predicting the development of prethreshold (type 1), threshold stages, aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity based on the most significant risk factors, such as gestational age, pulmonary ventilation, blood transfusion and platelet count. It was proved for the first time that the level of vascular endothelial growth factor A in the tear of a premature baby depends on the course of retinopathy of prematurity. Scientific data on morphometric changes of the chorioretinal complex in children 4-6 years with retinopathy of prematurity after laser coagulation have been supplemented. Scientific data on the influence of preterm retinopathy on the functional state of the retina and visual analyzer in general have been supplemented. Practical value. A system of "mobile screening" of ophthalmological care for children with preterm retinopathy has been developed and remote consultations with the use of a pediatric camera "PanoCam LT" have been introduced. A system of differential approach to screening, diagnosis and treatment of children with retinopathy of prematurity has been developed. The most important risk factors for the development of severe retinopathy of prematurity have been identified. The results of the work are introduced into the clinical practice of the consultative polyclinic, the laboratory of binocular vision disorder and the department of ophthalmopathology of children of the State Institution “The Filatov institute of eye diseases and tissue therapy of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”, Municipal non-profit enterprise "Odessa city clinical hospital #2" of Odessa city council, Municipal non-profit enterprise "Nikolaev regional children's clinical hospital" of the Nikolaev regional council, Municipal non-profit enterprise "Odessa regional children's clinical hospital" Municipal enterprise of Odessa regional council, Municipal non-profit enterprise "Kherson Children's Regional Clinical Hospital" of the Kherson Regional Council. Medicine, ophthalmology.
