Kuzmin O. Development of effective technologies of alcoholic beverages of stable quality

The dissertation is devoted to the solution of an important problem - development of effective technologies of alcoholic beverages of stable quality with use of: prepared water by electrochemical activation and utilization of return waters; water-alcohol mixtures of stable structure; modified products of secondary processing of raw materials, adapted to the technology of alcoholic beverages; infusions of alcohol from vegetable raw materials with increased antioxidant capacity and improved organoleptic characteristics; with further optimization of technological processes and determination of rational conditions, modes, generalizing data, which are based on complex provisions of qualimetry. The technology of the prepared water of the increased quality with application of electrochemical activation on a complex indicator of quality (K0, units – 0,928) which is increased by 11% in relation to demineralized water (K0, units – 0,837) on standard technology is developed, thanks to reduction: at 33 %; oxidation by 37 %; dry residue by 33 %; sulfates by 22 %; chlorides by 59 %; silicates by 38 % and silicic acid by 35 %, orthophosphates by 50 %; redox potential to the range of reduction values by 121 %. Conditions for intensification of distillate aging processes with pyrolyzed oak wood and increase of extractives from 0.3 to 0.5 g/dm3 have been established. The presence of pyrolyzed oxygen in the pore space intensifies the redox reactions with a subsequent increase in the mass concentration of aldehydes by 109 % – from 17.6 to 36.7 mg/100 cm3, the mass concentration of volatile acids by 35 %– from 50.9 to 68.9 mg/100 cm3, mass concentration of ethyl acetate by 57 % – from 79.1 to 124.2 mg/100 cm3. It was found that electrochemical activation of water leads to the formation of atomic hydrogen at the cathode and atomic oxygen at the anode, due to which the hydrogen-water system strengthens hydrogen bonds between hydroxyl protons and the appearance of stable ethanol hydrates such as EtOH•5H2O with the formation of stable equilibrium. The redox properties of water as a result of electrochemical activation, which lead to an increase in the mass concentration of aldehydes, with a simultaneous increase in organic acids and esters in water-alcohol mixtures, have been studied. The results of the work are implemented at the enterprises of Ukraine in the form of innovative technologies, methods, recommendations, technological instructions, recipes for the production of alcoholic beverages of stable quality. The economic effect of the introduction of the latest environmentally friendly technologies is UAH 1.08 million for a year.