Butuzova L. Thermo-chemical conversions of oxygen-containing groups of coals.

Brown and black coal. A general laws of coal oxygen-containing groups transformations under the action of the various technological and chemical factors, their influence on the COM structural conversions during thermal processing are established. X-ray diffraction (Kristalloflex Siemens, Dron-2,0), EPR (RE-1306), NMR (Gemini-200) and FT-IR spectrometry with DRIFT technique (Bio-Rad FTS-7), Transmission Electron (Рhilips EM 300) and Optical (MIM-8М) Microscopy, Derivatography (Q-1500D), Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (JEOL JGC-20K, JEOL-D 300), standard methods of coal investigations. The new concept about a leading role of ether (ester) groups in structural - chemical transformations during soft coal thermodestruction is offered. It is established, that the processes of accumulation and consumption of ether groups directly influence on molecular structure, supermolecular organization and size of a specific surface of solid products. The important scientific and applied problem for coalchemistry - is decided - the theoretical bases of management of the coal processing by the direct reaction on COM oxygen-containing groups and paramagnetic centres are developed. On their base the practical recommendations and methods are offered which allow to increase an yield of hydrogenation and pyrolysis liquid products, to receive biologically active humic compounds and cheap adsorbents from semicokes, agglomerated smokeless solid fuel from the brown coal dust, qualitative coke from the blends with the non-coking additives and other. It will promote for utilization of the large deposits of cheap domestic solid fuels for processing in chemistry products and fuel. The theoretical performances and practical recommendations, advanced in this work can be used by the scientists and experts of research and design organizations, which are engaged in development and introduction of technological processes of deep coal processing.