The dissertation is devoted to the investigation of the interrelations between the indices of body weight component composition and the functional state of the autonomic nervous system of healthy individuals in early adulthood as well as substantiation of the possibility to correct the autonomous dysfunction in persons with suboptimal ratio of adipose and muscular tissue.
The problem of overweight and obesity is one of the global problems of humanity and health nowadays. The importance of this problem is due to the fact that many epidemiological studies have identified the association of excess body weight and obesity with diseases and pathological conditions such as atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus type 2, hypertension, endocrine and hepatobiliary pathology, gout, chronic kidney disease, metabolic syndrome (MS), which reduce quality and life expectancy of patients. Despite the considerable amount of research on the causes of its appearance, the factors that are responsible for body weight gain remain unknown.
It is well known that due to the close connection between the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and humoral activity, adaptation - trophic reactions of the body are realized, in the form of adaptation of metabolism to environmental due to changes in biochemical and physiological processes. In this regard, the abnormalities that occur in the regulatory systems are the background for the appearance of metabolic disorders and their consequences, namely the increase in body fat deposits and weight gain.
In recent years, there have been a number of papers that discuss the importance of an individual typological approach in the assessment of various indicators of the body in healthy and sick people, which is necessary for the selection of individual treatment and prevention programs. However, there are not many studies on the dependence of the component indices of body weight, taking into account the initial type of autonomic nerve regulation.
Functional examination of constituent components of body weight and ANS status was carried out in 103 healthy individuals with different values of the body mass index (BMI) in early adulthood, among which there were 57 females and 46 males. A follow-up examination after a 2-month lifestyle correction program, which included exercise and nutrition, was completed by subjects who, according to the BMI, were overweight and had a first-degree obesity (41 individuals in total), including 22 females and 19 males.
The original type of autonomic nerve regulation was set according to the values of TP (Total power) and HF (High frequency). Thus, the normotonic (eitonic) type of autonomous regulation corresponded to TP values from 1100 to 3100 ms2, and HF from 240 to 990 ms2. The sympathicotonic type of vegetative regulation corresponded to TP < 1100 ms2, HF < 240 ms2, parasympathicotonic type – TP > 3100 ms2, HF > 990 ms2.
