Spodoba O. Optimization of modes movement of the loader crane with the hydraulic drive

In the dissertation work the researches which are for the purpose of increase of efficiency of work of the loader crane with the hydraulic drive at the expense of minimization of dynamic loadings in its elements by a choice of optimum modes of movement of driving mechanisms are carried. The analysis of constructive execution of jib systems of loader cranes with hydraulic drive, dynamic loadings which arise in mechanisms of the drive and elements of metalwork of loader cranes at cargo movement is carried. A review of scientific papers was conducted in the direction of reducing energy costs and dynamic loads that occur when moving the boom system of the loader crane with a hydraulic drive. The expediency of reducing energy costs and dynamic loads in the drive mechanisms and elements of the jib system of the loader crane with hydraulic drive due to the choice of optimal modes of movement is substantiated. A dynamic analysis was performed of the change in the departure of the boom system of the loader crane with the load. A dynamic model has been developed of the boom system in the process of changing the departure of the load, which is a mechanical system with four degrees of freedom. In which the angular position of the main boom and the jib, the linear position of the telescopic section and the angular deviation of the load from the vertical are taken as generalized coordinates. Developed scientifically substantiated engineering method for calculating the optimal modes of change departure boom system a loader crane with hydraulic drive at transitional sections of movement, which minimize the effect of dynamic loads, reduce energy costs and duration a unloading and loading operations. It is established that the use of structurally modified valve spool for the implementation of optimal modes of movement of the boom system allows, to increase, the efficiency of the control system of the loader crane by reducing the time of one cycle of loading, which is from 6.2% to 11.1%. The calculation of the annual economic efficiency from the reduction of the operating cycle of the loader crane with structurally changed valve spool in the hydraulic drive is 24035 UAH/year for one unit of equipment.