Kibalnyk S. Criminological characteristics and prevention of human smuggling in Ukraine

The dissertation is a criminological study of human smuggling in Ukraine, the results of which give criminological characteristics to these crimes, analyze the identity of the perpetrators, identify the determinants predicate these crimes, and propose measures to prevent them. The basic approaches in the Ukrainian and foreign science to the research of these crimes are analyzed. The complex and multi-level nature of this field of activity has been identified, but a wide-ranging transnational crime plays a decisive role. A high level of latency of the considered acts is made and a number of factors determining it are highlighted. The uneven regional distribution of human smuggling is revealed. These crimes are, for the most part, recorded in areas bordering the Russian Federation, Moldova and the European Union. By the level of involvement in this activity as an area of border criminal business, and therefore the level of public danger of criminal behavior, the perpetrators were divided into the following groups: 1) who illegally transported their relatives or folks through the state border of Ukraine without a mercenary motive; 2) who have committed a crime motivated by empathy for persons they have not met before; 3) who are situational selfish criminals; 4) who are constantly engaged in human smuggling on a paid basis. The division of measures to prevent illegal smuggling of persons across the state border of Ukraine into strategies to reduce demand and strategies to reduce supply.