The thesisis devoted to the development o fpreparative methods of synthesis, structure determination, study of physicochemical and biological properties of N-cycloalkylcarbonyl-N-arylthioureas, N-[2-(cycloalkyl-(phenoxo-(phenylthio)-)-acetyl-, aroyl-, hetaroyl-)hydrazine-1-carbonothioyl]cycloalkylcarboxamides, 2-(cyclopropanecarbonyl)carbonothioyl)-hydrazine-1-carbo-(thio-)-amides and products of their heterocyclization. Specifics of interaction between generated insitu cycloalkanecarbonylisothiocyanates and o-phenylenediamine were established. It was shown that themainre action products wereN-((2-aminophenyl)¬carbamothioyl))cycloalkanecarboxamides and 3,4-bis(3-(cycloalkanecarbonyl)¬thioureido)phenylenes, which were separated by recrystallization from methanol. A detailed study of the reaction of cycloalkanecarbonylisothiocyanates with hydrazinehydrate was performed. It was found that the reaction resulted information of N-(2-(cycloalkanecarbonyl)hydrazine-1-carbonothioyl)-cycloalkane-carboxamides. The latter are the result of the interaction of the starting compounds with cycloalkanecarbohydrases, what confirms their dielectrophilic nature. For the first time, the original 4-cycloalkanecarbonyl-3-(amino-, phenyloxo-)(thio-)methyl-1,5-dihydro-4H-1,2,4-triazole-5-thiones were synthesized by long-term heating of the corresponding disubstituted thiosemicarbazides. It was found that diacylsemicarbazides form known 5-R-2-amino-1,3,4-thia-diazoles under the conditions of the cyclizationre action in concentrated mineral acids. It is shown that the latter undergoan additional hydrolytic cleavage of the cycloalkaneure aresidue. For the first time N-(4-oxo-3-R-thiazolidin-2-ylidene)-cycloalkanecar-boxamides were synthesized by the interaction of disubstituted thioureasordiacyl-thiosemicarbazides with methyl-(butyl) chloroacetate in the presence of potassiumacetateor in DMF in the presence of the triethylamine. All synthesized substances were purified by crystallization from solvents. The structure of the synthesized compounds was confirmed by modern physicochemical methods of analysis, namely elemental analysis, IR spectrophotometry, 1H and13C NMR spectrometry, and their individuality - bychromato-massspectrometry. During studies 100 compounds (85 for the first time) were synthesized and studied for biological activity by virtual (molecular docking), high through put (microbiological studies) and traditional screening approaches. The developed strategy of diuretics search amongN-(R-carbamo-thioyl)cycloalkanecarboxamides revealed an effective "compound-leader", which competes with there ference drug "Hydrochlorothiazide" in terms of diuretic effect, and according to the results of molecular docking as a similar mechanism of activity. A strategy fo relaboration of novel anticonvulsant agents based on the structural modification of diacylthiosemicarbazides, which included a virtual target-oriented screening of synthesized compounds to the active centers of GABAA-, GABAT-receptors and NVSCs of known antiepileptic drugs on the biological model, and the results of pentylenetetrazolseizures found a compound that exceeds there ference drug "Depakine". Antibacterial activity studies have revealed several promising compounds, nam elyN-(2-R-hydrazine-1-carbonothioyl)cycloalkanecarboxamides, as high lyactive antimicrobial agents against St. aureus and P. aeruginosa (MIC 3.125-25.0 μg/ml) with DHFR-inhibitory activity. Based on molecular docking and traditional microbiological screening, a strategy for the search for fungicides was developed and several promising compounds with activity exceeds the activity of the comparison drugs Cyproconazole and Hymexazole were identified. It was found that disubstituted thioureas and thiosemicarbazides are notmutagenic and canbeusedas effective growth-regulators with fungicidal activity. The compounds that showed high rates of anticonvulsant, diuretic, antimicrobial, antifungal, growth stimulating and antifouling activities were found during the study of biological activity and analysis of the "structure-activity" relationship among the derivatives of N-(R-carbamothioyl)cycloalkylcarboxamides. Two potential fungicidal agents that exceed Cyproconazole interms of minimum inhibitory concentration, broad spectrum of activity and nomutagenic effect against phytopathogenicfungi were identified.
