Syrotiuk I. Development of evaporator with the system of volume energy supply

The dissertation is devoted to research of process of concentration of solutions due to microwave radiation action and development of devices on the basis of this principle. An analysis of global energy problems, which in turn have a negative impact on the environmental situation and, ultimately, start the food crisis, showed that the solution to these issues in the complex lies in the agroindustrial sector. The processes of food raw material processing are mostly quite energy-intensive and with a large share of waste. In addition, modern technologies for the organization of typical processes have a significant impact on the finished product quality: the use of flue gases in drying cereals, prolonged thermal impact on raw materials during the evaporation process, the use of non-food extractants in the extraction of target components. Food technologies have a large number of energy and raw material reserves, which are actively sought in the world. This is especially true of evaporation and drying processes. The task of solving this problem is to create a device that would be able to obtain a concentrate, as in a dryer, but with lower energy consumption. The development of such device is based on the concept of targeted energy delivery, which was introduced in ONAFT and tested in devices for drying and extraction. The hypothesis is formulated, which shows that the organization of energy supply not only to the outer layer of raw materials, but also throughout its volume, will allow to move from the classical boundary conditions of the third kind, inherent in traditional vacuum evaporators, to the boundary conditions of the second kind. This will avoid significant disadvantages caused by heat transfer, as it is absent under the conditions of the microwave field. Accordingly, a scheme of a vacuum evaporator with a system of volumetric energy supply is proposed, which would allow to implement an innovative principle of the evaporation process organization to confirm the proposed hypothesis.