The dissertation is dedicated to research of metaphor, metaphorization in cultural and creative processes. The work is one of the first attempts in Ukrainian philosophy to comprehend problems of metaphorization, semiosis, production of abstract concepts and artistic images in holistic philosophical and anthropological analysis, metaphor is seen as a complex multidimensional phenomenon of language, art and sociocultural existence.
The relevance and choice of the research topic are due to increasing practical and scientific interest to the phenomenon of metaphor not as to a stylistic means of language, but as anthropological reality reflected in language and art. In a period of change in the social and spiritual structure of society, its globalization and technologization, metaphor is becoming increasingly important as a phenomenon present in thinking process, consciousness and subconscious but is nevertheless absent in the basic principles of artificial intelligence with «artificial thinking», i. e. non-anthropological thinking. Therefore, based on relevance of the research topic, the dissertation formulates a scientific task, which is to pose a question in the field of cultural and philosophical anthropology: in what way new meanings are formed in culture with an inevitable influence of metaphor.
Theoretical relevance of the work is due to the use of concepts of metaphor, metaphoron, symbol, abstract and absolute metaphor, the ratio of models of semiosis and culturogenesis, human cultural evolution. Methodological relevance is due to the application of transdisciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches to the phenomenon of metaphor, the most important of which are hermeneutic, semiotic, functional, cultural-anthropological, cultural-psychological and cognitive methods.
Methodological basis of the study is formed from a number of methods and significant philosophical and philosophical-anthropological conceptions: logical-analytical method (analysis of metaphor as a philosophical category); method of abstraction (to determine degree of abstraction in different types of metaphors in art); semiotic method (metaphor is considered as a semiotic reality of language; a new model of semiosis during the evolution of culture is suggested); hermeneutics, the functioning of metaphors as poetic tropes and multifaceted artistic images in works of art is analyzed, the hermeneutics of metaphor according to the «life cycle» of metaphor is specified, P. Ricoeur’s hermeneutic theory of «living metaphor» is used as a way of dialectical unity of object – subject, real – imaginary in cognition process), methods of cultural anthropology (consideration of metaphors in the stream of evolutionism, neoevolutionism and functionalism), methods of philosophical anthropology (analysis of metaphor as a universal category of human life, and cognitive processes as a means of total metaphorization). General theoretical basis of the study are the works of modern cognitivism by J. Lakoff and M. Johnson, works on semantics of Ch. Pierce, A. Schaff, J. Piaget, philosophy of symbol and myth A. F. Losev, S. S. Averintsev, E. Cassirer and O. M. Freidenberg, metaphorology of H. Blumenberg, philosophical and psychological works of K. Jung, Ye. P. Ilyin, V. N. Druzhinin, A. N. Leontiev, P. V. Simonov, M. Polany, H. Gardner.
The aim of the work is philosophical and anthropological analysis of rational and irrational aspects of metaphor in human thinking process through reflection in language and art, as well as to identify mechanisms of metaphor formation and sources of phenomenon of metaphor (metaphorization process).
The object of the research is metaphor as a prerequisite and a result of creative activity.
The subject of the research is metaphor as a cognitive-emotional process and anthropological state of human community during its phylogenesis, methods of metaphorization (in language, art, culture).
The scientific novelty of the obtained results is revealed in the following points:
For the first time:
– metaphor, according to our hypothesis, is interpreted as an anthropologically important factor in the development of thinking process, a philosophical phenomenon that occupies an intermediate position between concrete and abstract thinking;
