Kulyk A. Microbiological evaluation of the effectiveness of disinfectants for medical equipment

The dissertation is devoted to the microbiological substantiation of increase the efficiency of prevention the infections connected with the rendering of medical care, based on results of research of biological properties of microorganisms which most often colonize medical equipment and formulation of recommendations on improvement of its disinfection schemes. As a result of a microbiological study of the surfaces of 161 objects (respiratory equipment, endotracheal tubes, distal part of the bronchoscope, laryngoscope blade, facial mask and nasal cannulas) there was found the character of potential contaminants of equipment and means for provide respiratory support. It was found an increase in the proportion of non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria (Acinetobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp., Stenotrophomonas spp.), representatives of the genus Staphylococcus, the family Enterobacteriacae, fungi of the genus Candida. The results of studies revealed a decrease in antibiotic susceptibility of clinical strains of dominant species of microorganisms as Acinetobacter spp., P. aeruginosa, Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp.. The variable sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs of clinical strains of different types of enterobacteria and isolates of yeast Candida spp. was demonstrated. Based on the results of the study of the effectiveness of disinfectants with different mechanisms of action on microorganisms, it was found that surfactants have advantages over oxidants, chlorine-containing compounds in the disinfection of heavily contaminated surfaces with organic material (p <0.001). In the conditions of experimental bioorganic contamination the delay of bactericidal action of disinfectants was established. There has been proven synergism of the antimicrobial action of the domestic antiseptic decamethoxine and hydrogen peroxide against Staphylococcus spp., A. baumannii, E. coli, K. pneumoniae and C. albicans that allows, by reducing the concentration of antimicrobial compounds to a level safe for the patient's tissues, to significantly increase the effectiveness of current disinfection of medical equipment during respiratory support.