Dudar A. Features of resistance formation of gram-positive cocci microflora to antibiotics and antiseptics

The dissertation is devoted to improve the effectiveness of prevention and treatment of nosocomial infections by local monitoring of the prevalence of gram-positive cocci included by the WHO on the grounds of antibiotic resistance in the group of “priority pathogens”, the research of their biological properties and patterns of forming of antimicrobial resistance. In microbiological research there were studied biological properties of isolates of predominant opportunistic Gram-positive cocci, as Staphylococcus spp. (n=230), Enterococcus spp. (n=87), isolated from patients with purulent-inflammatory injuries of soft tissues and from the surfaces of hospital environment in surgical departments of Vinnytsia Region, which were potentially responsible for dangerous spreading of opportunistic infectious complications. The presence of isolates of Gram-positive cocci with extended-spectrum resistance (XDR) in the hospital environment was proved. For the first time there was proved low adaptive ability to linezolid and surface-active antiseptics in meticillin-resistant and meticillin-susceptible Staphylococci in the research of antimicrobial resistance formation to levofloxacin, vancomycyn, linezolid, decamethoxine, chlorhexidine digluconati. The new data of comparative research of biofilm-forming activity in meticillin-resistant and meticillin-susceptible, have been presented. There were substantiated perspectives of the use of glycoleltide antibiotic vankomycin and a synthetic drug of a new chemical group of oxazolidinones – linezolid. For the first time, the rate of formation of resistance to vancomycin and linezolid and other antimicrobial agents in methicillin-resistant S. aureus was studied, compared with non-methicillin-resistant variants under artificial conditions.