Mishchenko V. Prediction criteria (biomarkers) of recovery of patients with ischemic stroke

The problem of cerebral stroke (CS) is one of the most significant in modern clinical medicine. This is explained by the steady increase in new cases of CS and the high mortality rate resulting from it. CS is also a socially significant problem due to the high disability of these patients. The analysis of literary sources shows that the researches of recent years have made it possible to identify previously unknown risk factors for the development of CS, to establish new links in its pathogenesis, and to develop modern prevention strategies. However, many issues regarding the recovery of patients who have undergone CS remain debatable and require additional study. One of them is the determination of biomarkers of stroke recovery (BSR). Currently, only some neuroimaging markers of motor function recovery are reliably known, while others require further study. BSR will be able to help specialists predict the recovery processes of patients and, taking this into account, approach the setting of goals and drawing up rehabilitation programs in more detail. The search and definition of BSR is an actual direction in neurology and rehabilitation medicine. Therefore, the aim of the study was to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation of patients who suffered a cerebral ischemic stroke by determining the prediction criteria (biomarkers) of recovery. To solve the set tasks, 116 patients in the early recovery period of cerebral hemispheric ischemic stroke (CHIS) were included in the study. The average age of the patients was 61.4 ± 0.53 years. During the study, all patients were divided into two groups depending on the type of treatment. The first group (group 1) included 66 people who received standard drug therapy as part of secondary prevention and also underwent a rehabilitation course. The second group (group 2) included 50 patients who received only standard drug therapy as part of secondary prevention. The control group consisted of 30 practically healthy people of the appropriate age and sex. Clinical and neurological, psychodiagnostic, neuroimaging, biochemical and statistical methods were used in the study. The patients' condition was assessed before the start of the treatment course (visit 1), on the 22nd day of the study (visit 2) and 3 months after the end of the treatment course (visit 3). Thus, based on the obtained data, biomarkers for predicting the recovery of motor, cognitive and psychoemotional functions in patients in the recovery period after CHIS were proposed. The role of the neurotrophic factor Beta-NGF in predicting the recovery of patients with the consequences of CHIS was determined. Scientific data on the effectiveness of the use of rehabilitation in patients with CHIS are added.