Portenko M. Pathomorphology of different types of equine sarcoids.

The dissertation is dedicated to the study of clinical manifestations and pathomorphological verification of different anatomical types of equine sarcoids, ranging from small individual lesions to multiple aggressive fibroblastic tumors. These were recorded in horses from private farms and stables in the Lviv, Ternopil, Rivne, and IvanoFrankivsk regions of Ukraine during 2019–2023. The following complex of methods was used to solve the scientific task: clinical – establishing the tumor localization, determining its shape, consistency and size; surgical – surgical neoplasm removal; statistical and histological – identifying the structural organization of different sarcoid types: hematoxylin and eosin staining, Van Gieson staining, Weigert's resorcin-fuchsin staining, Heidenhain's azan staining; histochemical – detecting the connective tissue, collagen and elastic fibers localization: PAS-reaction, Gomori method (PAMS), Steedman's Alcian blue staining; immunohistochemical – determining the type of cytoskeleton proteins prevailing in sarcoid and establishing proliferative activity: Ki-67 markers and vimentin; production of semi-thin sections stained with methylene blue and restained with acid fuchsin; transmission electron microscopy – studying the sarcoid’s ultrastructural organization; morphometric – determining the proliferation index, the volume of the nucleus and nucleolus, the nucleus to nucleolus ratio; statistical – establishing the probability of research results.