In the dissertation research, the problem of forming basic school students’ aesthetic culture by means of musical folklore is revealed, the appropriate methodology is developed, theoretically substantiated and experimentally verified.
The state of development of the problem of forming basic school students’ aesthetic culture in the scientific-pedagogical literature is characterized, its essence and structure are revealed.
Within the characterization of the structure of the basic school students’ aesthetic culture, the essential features of its components are highlighted: aesthetic perception, aesthetic feeling, aesthetic need, aesthetic consciousness, aesthetic judgment, aesthetic evaluation, aesthetic taste, aesthetic behavior, aesthetic experience, etc.
The potential of musical folklore tools for the formation of the aesthetic culture of the basic school students has been determined. It is established that the study of historical information and familiarization with the best examples of musical folklore of the peoples of the world contributes to the improvement of all components of aesthetic culture: aesthetic consciousness, aesthetic perception, aesthetic feeling, aesthetic taste, ability to aesthetic appreciation, etc.
The scientific approaches and principles of forming the basic school students’ aesthetic culture by means of musical folklore are substantiated.
In the study, the problem of forming the aesthetic culture of basic school students by means of musical folklore is considered on the basis of a personality-centered, axiological, hermeneutic, activity and multicultural approaches, since it is they, given the specifics of the phenomenon, that influence the dynamics of its development in the process of professinal training.
The general didactic and specific principles of the basic school students’ aesthetic culture formation by means of musical folklore are characterized.
The pedagogical conditions for the basic school students’ aesthetic culture formation by means of musical folklore are substantiated: 1) stimulation of cognitive interest in the musical folklore of the representatives of various nations as a means of forming aesthetic culture; 2) creation of an environment in the educational institution favorable for the development of the aesthetic culture of students of general secondary education institutions; 3) development and application in art lessons and in extracurricular activities of creative technologies for the formation of the aesthetic culture of basic school students; 4) implementation of various forms of individual creative work.
The methods of forming the aesthetic culture of basic school students are outlined, with their division into three groups: motivational, cognitive, and interactive, the use of which was determined by the specifics of a certain stage of experimental research.
The analysis and generalization of the obtained results made it possible to identify four levels of formation of the aesthetic culture of basic school students: low, medium, sufficient and high. The results of the first diagnostic section within the ascertainment experiment proved that the majority of basic school students before the introduction of the developed author’s methodology were at the levels of low and initial formation of aesthetic culture.
The results of the second, final diagnostic section, demonstrated significant dynamics of changes in the levels of aesthetic culture formation of basic school students, achieved through the implementation of the author’s methodology.
