Dubenko D. Comparative analysis of mini-invasive and tension-free surgical treatment methods for sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease

The dissertation is devoted to solving the current issues of modern surgery: increasing the efficiency of diagnostic algorithms in patients with sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease (SPD), finding optimal personalised methods of surgical correction of SPD, and developing the concept of a new classification of SPD based on anatomical, morphological, clinical, and anamnestic signs of the disease. Reasoning of the choice of research topic. SPD is a widespread nosology that mainly affects young men with a high level of hairiness and leads to a sharp decrease in the working capacity and quality of life of such patients, which, in addition to its clinical significance, also creates a socio-economic burden on the health care system and the country's economy. According to available statistics, the prevalence of the disease in the USA is approximately 26 cases per 100,000 population, and in Germany, it is 48 per 100,000 people. In Ukraine, according to data from the 2010s, up to 5% of the working-age adult population suffer from SPD. SPD patients comprise 15–25% of all inpatients in specialised proctology departments and 1–2% among patients in general surgery departments. In specific populations and sociodemographic groups, several researchers have described a much higher incidence rate than the global rate: for example, among Turkish military personnel, 8.8% have SPD. It is the prevalence of SPD among military personnel that has potentiated the development of research on this disease, especially concerning the search for an optimal method of surgical treatment with a reduction in the postoperative recovery period required for the patient. Thus, according to the results of research, during World War II, about 79,000 servicemen of the US Army spent an average of 55 days in the hospital each due to SPD. A prolonged hospitalisation period was usually associated with surgical wide excision methods.