The dissertation provided a theoretical generalization of the milk market and revealed its trends and peculiarities of functioning, also identified factors restraining the volume of demand and supply of milk.
Based on the compilation of research by scientists, the author's approach to understanding the concept of «milk market» is proposed, what is considered as a set of production-economic relations that are formed as systems of commodity-money and socio-economic relations between the subjects of government, which includes the processes of production, exchange, distribution and consumption of milk, as well as all types of transaction in its implementation and exchange.
The components of the organizational and economic mechanism of milk market regulation are highlighted, which are presented as a system of interdependent forms and methods of influence on commodity producers, which provide the stimulation of production, financial and investment activities, the saturation of the market with high-quality and safe dairy products, as well as achieving sustainable development of the industry.
The existing statistical form of accounting for the number of cows in all categories of farms and sales volumes of products were analyzed, on the basis of which concluded that it is advisable to complete it twice a year and to carry out systematic agricultural censuses (every 5 years) to improve reliability.
The results of the study established the need to create an information and analytical system for monitoring the milk market of Ukraine using complementary portals: informational, trad and marketing, which will focus information flows about economic entities in the sphere of agrarian business - milk producers, consumers, distribution infrastructure enterprises, the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and food of Ukraine and branch self-government organizations.
The characteristic features of dairy cattle breeding in Ukraine were revealed, which include: lack of a scientifically based mechanism of economic relations and state support, deindustrialization, low level of organization of cooperative and integration processes, serious shortcomings in the use of achievements of scientific and technical progress.
The research established that in order to increase the efficiency of dairy cattle breeding in the post-war period of the revival of the agrarian economy, is necessity of modernization, which should be carried out based on: rational organization of a herd reproduction, livestock breeding, prevention of their barrenness and mortality; optimization of the fodder base, based on the correct organization of livestock feeding, considering the balance of feed rations for various age and sex groups. The needs of the population in the consumption of dairy products should be met through own production by supporting the industry and strengthening the role of the State in the development of the milk market and increasing the solvency of the population. It was established that the level of consumption of dairy products by the population of our country does not correspond to the rational norm of consumption of dairy products, which, according to the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, is 350 kg per capita. It is noted that the reason for the reduction in the consumption of dairy products is: the temporary occupation of the territories of Ukraine; decline in the purchasing power of the population; increase in prices for dairy products.
It was found that during the research period, the volumes of milk and dairy products for processing plants from agricultural enterprises exceeded those from households. We believe that this situation depends primarily on the interest of agricultural producers in supplying high-quality milk for processing.
The system of the organizational and economic mechanism of functioning of the domestic milk market in modern conditions should be focused on ensuring the competitiveness of the industry. It has been established that currently normative and legal regulation of the milk market is carried out by about 60 regulatory acts.
We believe that successful state regulation of the milk market requires the development of activities in the following areas: financial support of market entities; regulation of relations between producers, processors and wholesale and retail trade establishments; protection of the domestic market; formation of a system of milk and milk products quality control at all stages of commodity movement from producer to consumer.
