Dopa V. Prognostic-diagnostic criteria for the obstructed calving and the postpartum in cows and the development of complex therapeutic and preventive measures

Dopa V.O. «Prognostic-diagnostic criteria for the obstructed calving and the postpartum in cows and the development of complex therapeutic and preventive measures» – Qualifying research manuscript copyright. Dissertation for a PHD degree in the field of knowledge 211- Veterinary medicine. Sumy National Agrarian University, Sumy, 2024. The dissertation theoretically and experimentally substantiates the methods of prognosis, treatment and prevention of postpartum pathology in cows. The research has been carried out on the facilities of the next farms: LLC Moloko Vitchyzny and PAF "Piskivske" of the Sumy region. While studying the course of pregnancy in cows the research has established the frequency of abortions, concomitant pathology and complications of pregnancy with gestosis. In the group of springing cows, the frequency of concomitant pathology was 16.7%. Complications of pregnancy with gestosis were registered 26.7% less often in springing cows compared to cows after the first lactation. During the second pregnancy, there was a 1.2 times increase in embryo resorption on the early gestation stages and a 1.8 times increase in the frequency of abortions. Among cows pregnant for the second time, the prevalence of concomitant pathologies such as mastitis and gestosis was the highest and exceeded the indicators of cows in the third lactation by 2.3% and 6.1%, respectively. During the third pregnancy, the animals showed a decrease in the frequency of embryos resorption on the early stages of pregnancy and in cases of abortion by 1.3 and 2.3 times, respectively. The highest rate of concomitant pathology and complications of pregnancy with gestosis has been shown by cows during the fifth pregnancy. The frequency of pregnancy complications with gestosis also increased by 3.6%. Having the background of progesterone dominance, the basic concentration of estradiol observed in the blood of cows, was 23.54±7.77 pg/ml (р˂0.05). The main source of estrogens during pregnancy is the placenta, together with the increase of gestation period, the synthesis and concentration of estradiol in the blood progressively increased relative to the baseline concentration. Before the second critical period, a decrease in the concentration of progesterone in the blood of animals by 40.1% (р ˂ 0.001) was observed, thereafter it remained at the same level. Compared to the first critical period, the concentration of estradiol increased by 1.7 times (р ˂ 0.005).