The dissertation is devoted to a comprehensive study of theoretical and applied problems of institutional and legal provision of economic security in Ukraine.
An analysis of the chronology of the development of the theoretical basis of multi-directional and multi-aspect studies of economic security by domestic and foreign scientists was carried out, which made it possible to come to a conclusion about a certain lack of relevant scientific research on the specified problem. The need to substantiate theoretical and methodological provisions related to the development of strategic guidelines for the institutional and legal support of the economic component of Ukraine’s national security through the application of an interdisciplinary approach, the comprehensive use of concepts of legal sciences and knowledge in the field of public management and administration is indicated. In addition, challenges of an economic, social, political and legal nature in the researched area indicate the unsolved and actuality of issues related to: clarifying the regulatory and legal basis for ensuring economic security in Ukraine, clarifying its essence and content; outline of the mechanism for ensuring the economic security of the state; clarifying the legal status and powers of state authorities in the system of ensuring economic security, determining their supervisory and law enforcement functions, features of interaction, etc.
Attention is drawn to the fact that economic security is not only the state of functioning of the state, but also the result of purposeful systematic dynamic activity of authorized bodies, a complex of normative-legal, organizational-institutional, technical-technological and innovative-investment measures aimed at ensuring effective protection of basic economic rights and freedoms of citizens, society and all forms of ownership of the state and its economic mechanism from the negative impact of external and internal threats and challenges, destabilizing factors.
Arguments are given that in the conditions of a complex socio-political and military situation in Ukraine, an increase in the number of threats to economic security, it is urgent and expedient to develop a new Strategy for the economic security of Ukraine for the post-war period, which would take into account the position of international financial institutions, the European Union and the Council of Europe , and defined such subsystems / areas of ensuring economic security as financial, production, foreign economic, investment and innovation, macroeconomic, social, demographic, food, energy and environmental.
It was established that the system of economic security, depending on the object, is provided at the following hierarchical levels - macro (the level of the national level of the economy, which is connected with the sphere of supranational megaregional structures), meso (the level of the economy of the administrative-territorial unit), regional (the level of economic security region) and micro (level of the economy of a business entity, an individual).
It was found that the structure of economic security includes such main subsystems as: normative (regulatory) – legal norms and principles regulating relations between subjects of state power, which are reflected in the relevant legal acts, and institutional-functional (administrative-management), which consists of the activities of specialized state bodies, as well as other subjects involved in this process. The object of economic security is the appropriate state of the state’s economy, national economic interests that are inherent to its holders and require preservation, development, and minimization of negative impacts.
It is proposed to consider the mechanism of ensuring economic security as a complex functional component of the system of state bodies, local self-government bodies, their officials, non-state subjects (institutional component), as well as legal means and types of legal activity that regulate the implementation of state-authority influence in the economic sphere, provide protection of economic relations from existing risks and threats at various national and global levels.
It is noted that the normative and legal provision of the economic security of Ukraine is a system of all primary and secondary normative legal acts, which directly or indirectly normalize relations in the economic sphere, as well as a set of relevant security measures. The presence of numerous deficiencies in legal regulation leads to low effectiveness of the implementation of the state security policy, violation of the economic rights of citizens and business entities.
