The object of the study «The Essence of the Principles of Cognition in the Works of George Berkeley in the Context of
the Philosophical Teachings of F. Mathews» is the philosophical ideas of G. Berkeley and F. Mathews regarding cognition and reality.
The subject of the study is the metaphysical and ethical notions of F. Mathews in the context of G. Berkeley's epistemological ideas.
The dissertation is devoted to identifying and systematizing the philosophical ideas of F. Mathews in the context of the theories of G. Berkeley.
The relevance of the research lies in the philosophical study of the concepts of F. Mathews, which are little known in Ukraine, as well as in a new reading of the thoughts of the classic of philosophy, G. Berkeley, in the context of modern philosophical issues. Freya Mathews' theoretical views in the field of ecological metaphysics and panpsychism are a notable phenomenon in modern philosophy, but still little studied. The main difference of ontological issues is that F. Mathews asserts the right to existence of all living beings from their birth, defends free will for the manifestation and realization of the spiritual essence not only of humans, but also of animals and plants. It was established that the principles of cognition of G.Berkeley and F. Mathews converge in the conceptual aspects of apophatic theology, as a result of analyzing the categories of «nothingness» or «non-being», «subjectivity».
The understanding of the phenomenon of «hierophany» in the sacred meaning of everyday life in the works of G.Berkeley and F. Mathews has been refined. It is shown that, according to F. Mathews, «hierophany» is revealed from the perspective of subjective phenomenological natural and cultural space, forming the foundation of her ethical and ecological views.The research focuses on the prospects for creating an ecological civilization within the framework of a holistic theory proposed by F. Mathews; aspects of realizing human potential according to F. Mathews' philosophical concept of the «Ecological Self», definition of the ontological paradigm in the philosophy of G. Berkeley and F. Mathews. The importance of these issues is based not only on historical and philosophical realities, but also on the understanding and development of ideas on overcoming the root cause of crisis phenomena in modern society. It is argued that in the views of G. Berkeley, such a phenomenon as «hierophany» is described as the unity of human existence with the spiritual Divine space, through which the natural aesthetics in the essence of man himself manifests
itself, the correlation of the rational and the sensual occurs in the studies of G. Berkeley and F.Mathews, the special movement of consciousness from egocentric to ecocentric perception is investigated, an analysis of the duality in the division of the moral field is carried out - between anthropocentrism and biocentrism.
The purpose of the study is to identify and systematize F. Mathews's ideas in the context of G. Berkeley's ideas according to the potential strategy of their implementation in the modern world. To achieve the stated purpose, the following methods were used: comparative, descriptive, inductive, abstraction, hermeneutic, and explicative methods.
The results of this dissertation study can be used to improve courses such as «Ontology», «Ecological Ethics», «History of Philosophy» etc. There is also the potential for introducing subjects such as «Deep Ecology» and «Panpsychism» into the curricula of educational institutions in Ukraine.These innovations can significantly enhance students' environmental awareness and contribute to the formation of harmonious relationships between humans and the surrounding world.
