BYChKOVA L. Humus state of southern chernozems and dark chestnut soils of the south of the Ukraine in con- ditions of irrigated orchards and ways of its re- gulatin

The object of investigation - southern chernozem and dark-chestnut soil in irrigated orchards of South of Ukraine. The aim of investigation - to substantiate methods of the humus state of the soils in the South of Ukraine saving and increasing and ones of their fertility. The methods of investigations - researching of peculiarities and appropriateness of humus and soil formation were carried out by field laboratory and mathematics methods. The theoretical results - process of the humus formation in southern chernozems and dark-chestnut soils in conditions of irrigated orchards of Steppe zone of Ukraine were substantiated. The practical results - indexes of humification of organic matters were obtained, systems of soils keeping and fertilizing in irrigated orchards were carried out. The novelty - conducted investigations allowed to determine series of new theoretical and practical theses concerning soil ecosystems functioning in the irrigated orchards in Ukraine. The results of investigations can be us ed for increasing of effective soils fertility in the southern regions of Ukraine.