Varbanets P. Role of Laicism during the Process of Modernization of Traditional Societies of the Islamic East.

The dissertation is devoted to research laicism's role during the process of modernization of traditional societies of the Islamic East. Chronological frameworks cover process of modernization of Islamic societies, since the middle of XIX century and till present, as well as analytical digression to a history of the Islamic civilization since VIII century. The dissertation is focused on the global analysis of state, structure and the basic of the macrosystem's functioning mechanism of Islamic society in a historical retrospective. The process of modernization is considered by allocation and the analysis of three basic models of social-cultural and political development of Islamic society: laic model of modernization which in the final shape was formed in republican Turkey in 1920 - 1930th years, Islamic prospect, as reactions to the process of modernization, and the model of synthesis of tradition and modernity in the form of a liberal Islam. The comparative - political analysis of ways of realizationof modernization in Islamic societies of Turkey, Tunis, Algeria was made. The inefficiency of rectilinear introduction of the western liberal democracy in the Islamic world without taking into account local specificity is proved. The author identifies the process of transition from laic model of modernization to liberal Islam as Turkish model which represents the historical mechanism which provides long-term intercivilization convergence in spite of the facts of action of indigenous regularities.