Karavanska M. Congresses of naturalists and physicians in the history of Ukrainian science (the sec-ond part of XIXth - the beginning of XXth century)

On the basis of documentary materials of Russian congresses of the second part of XXth century the author analyzed primary attempts, organization, activity, evolution and consequences of these forums for the history of Ukrainian science. By example of congresses the specificity of relations between State and natural science in the second part of XIXth - at the beginning of XXth century was determined. The investigation of efficiency of the national congresses of naturalists and physicians as a special form of scientific researches organization were conducted, their influence on society, their educational role in particular, was analized. The complex analysis of Kiev naturalists conventions of 1861 and 1862 years was done for the first time, and forming of Russian naturalists congresses was examined from the point of view of indissoluble connection with their activity. The contribution of naturalists congresses conducted on the territory of Ukraine to consolidation of scientific community and popularization of natural knowledge in society was established.