Dashenkova N. The Role of Symbol in the Construction of Reality

The object of the study is symbolic mediations of realities.The aim of the study is to analyze a role and functions of a symbol upon the construction of different types of realities oriented on a human being activity. The methods in usage are general scientific methods such as the comparative method, the structure-functional and the system-evolutionary methods, conceptions of psychoanalysis founders, methods of French postmodernists who appealed to functioning with semiotic forms, dialectical-phenomenological studies of a myth and a symbol by A.F. Losev. Theoretical results and the novelty consist in justifying the constructing role of a symbol with respect to anthropocentric realities. It is demonstrated that symbolic relations are the basic forms of sign relations in realities of such kinds. A practical feedback of the study consists in using the results in modern courses on ontology and gnoseology, philosophy of the postmodernism, social philosophy, philosophical foundations of psychology, the theory of psychoanalysis, philosophical anthropology. A branch of applying the results is the scientific and teaching activity in higher education.