Nekrasov S. Morphofunctional adaptation of the heart to fatigue and to development of the myocardial necrosis before and after hypoxia training.

Object of the research: Morphofunctional adaptation of the heart to physical fatigue and experimental myocardial infarction. Purpose of the research: To study the influence of hypoxic training on the possibility and mechanisms of increase in resistance and adaptation of the heart to physical load and development of the myocardium necrosis. Methods of research: Experimental simulation of physical fatigue and myocardium necrosis without and after hypoxic training, histology and morphometry of the left and right ventricle myocardium, functional investigations (ECG, total water and exposition dynamics of sorption of the right and left ventricle myocardium, determining blood catalase activity and intracutaneous strain of the oxygen). Рractical significance of the obtained findings: The investigation allowed to establish that the use of hypoxic training (HT) can cause unstable ischemic changes in the myocardium. Therefore, the use of HT in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) should be considerablylimited. But HT can be used to develop tolerance to physical load in sportsmen and patients without rough cardiovascular pathology. The devices for HT of experimental animals and simulation of dosed physical load were worked out. An apparatus based on increase of physiological space of the airways which allows to perform HT within the range of the physiologically permissible norms was worked out. Novelty: For the first time, the mechanisms of morphofunctional adaptation of the myocardium to HT were investigated. It was established that the morphofunctional signs of the myocardium adaptation to HT were the changes of the myocardium mass with transitory ischemia, the changes of exposition dynamics of sorption and inconsiderable increase of the myocardium hydration. Reduction of intracutaneous strain of oxygen (РО2) and blood catalase level. It was established that HT increases the myocardium resistance to physical load which manifests by increase in running duration in the tredmill. It was established that atMN simulation in intact animals death rate made up 37%. At MN simulation 24 hours after HT the heart resistance to MN was seen. But MN simulation immediately after HT resulted in death of 60% of the animals during the first 4 hours from the beginning of the experiment. This is due to transitory ischemia persisting for 3-4 hours after HT. Degree of introduction: The theoretical aspects of hypoxic training were introduced to the teaching process. The technique of hypoxic training was worked out for sportsmen. Six rationalization proposals were introduced into practice. Area (sphere) of application: medicine, pathological physiology.