Makluk O. The role of Bacillus in composing and functioning of microbial cenosis of podzolic chernozem

Object - bacterial complexes, biological properties of bacteria of Bacillus genus of microbiocenosis of podzolic chernozem and their influence on soil fertility, microorganisms and crop productivity. Purpose - to study the role of bacteria of Bacillus genus in formation and functioning of microbial cenosis and fertility-improving of podzolic chernozem, and also scientifically to ground possibilities and ways of the use of bacteria with the useful properties in order to increase crops productivity and improve goods quality. Methods - green-house and field experiments, microbiological and biochemical analyses; mathematical statistical. Theoretical results - the description of microbial cenosis of podzolic chernozem is given during biological agriculture. The pure cultures of bacteria of Bacillus genus were screened from microbial cenosis of podzolic chernozem. It allowed to found active strains bacilli, which are perspective as bioagents for creation microbial preparations on their basis. The featuresof Bacillus interaction with phytopathogenic fungi (agents of root rots) were determined. Practical results - it is recommended to use microbiological indexes of podzolic chernozem for organization and conducting the ecological monitoring of podzolic chernozem of the Left-bank of Ukrainian Forrest Steppe. The terms of active microbiota formation of soil taking into account features of soil microorganisms interaction, mineral background and biological properties of crops were studied in order to increase crop yields. For the production of bacterial preparation were offered next strains of Bacillus sp. 123, 235, 531, which are effective for crop protection against the exciters of root rots, their practical applications is the perspective reception of making soil and plants healthier in agrophytocenosis of ecological orientation. Novelty - consists in broaden of picture of the special value of bacteria Bacillus genus in forming of microbial cenosis with high level of biological activity in podzolic chernozem. Collection of 91 pure strains of Bacillus genus from the microbal cenosis of podzolic chernozem was received and the perspective active strains of bacilli with useful properties were found. Influence of mineral background and biological features of crops is exposed on the level of biological activity of bacilli with growth promoting and nitrogen fixing properties was determined. High biological efficiency of bacilli strains 123, 235, 531 in crop protection from the exciters of root rots was determined. Influence of Bacillus with antagonistic properties was set on development and forming of the barley productivity, which was grown on infected soil by phytopathogenic fungi. Degree of application - results of dissertation work are recommended for application by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, the Ministry of Environment Protection of Ukraine, the Ministry of Agrarian Policy, by the regional state design-technological centers of protection of soil fertility and quality of production, administration of an agriculture while carrying out monitoring of podzolic chernozem of the Left-bank of Ukrainian Forrest Steppe. Results of research can be used in educational process as part of teaching disciplines on Soil Science and Soil Microbiology. Field - scientifically-educational and environment protection.