The investigation object: pathogenesis of inflammation. The investigation goal: finding out of role of eosinophils and their interaction with mast cells in pathogenesis of inflammation. Methods of research: In the research pathophysiological (modelling of inflammation, eosinophilia and mast cells removal), haematological (count of total number of leukocytes and cellular composition of exudate and peripheral blood, total number of karyocytes in bone marrow of thigh), cytomorfological (count and morphological study of mast cells), cytochemical (determination of activity of marker enzyme of eosinophils – eosinophil peroxidase), immuno-enzyme (determination of activity of marker product of mast cells – histamine), and statistical methods were used. The theoretical and practical importance of the received results: Dissertation is devoted to the study of role of eosinophils and their interaction with mast cells in pathogenesis of inflammation. As a result of the conducted research on the model of carragenan-induced acute aseptic inflammation the phases changes of eosinophil number in exudate, bone marrow and peripheral blood are shown, which testify to their emigration in the inflammatory focus, strengthening of eosinopoesis, development of eosinophilia, and also the changes of functional activity of eosinophils in the focus and blood are established. The role of eosinophils in the reactions of the blood system at inflammation is studied too. The received results testify to the substantial value of eosinophils in development and course of acute nonimmune inflammation, and that they play active, independent in relation to neutrophils role. At the inflammation on the background of mast cell depleting there is a decrease of emigration of eosinophils from the blood into the inflammatory focus, their efflux from the bone marrow into the blood, tendency to reduction of eosinophilia and decrease of functional activity (degranulation) of eosinophils in the inflammatory focus and blood (after activity of their marker enzyme – eosinophil peroxidase), i. e. there is a reduction of eosinophil reaction. The results testify, that in the natural conditions of inflammation mast cells strengthen the eosinophil reaction. By the experimental reproducing of eosinophilia the role of eosinophils is studied in the reaction of mast cells at inflammation. It is established that at inflamemation on a background of eosinophilia there is the increased reaction of mast cells as compared to such at the natural course of inflammation. A decrease of absolute number of mast cells is greater, their degranulation and regranulation is more intensive (accordingly, release and synthesis of biologically active substances is more intensive too). It is indicated that in the natural course of inflammation eosinophils activate mast cells, causing both their degranulation and regranulation and providing long delivery of mediators of mast cells, that, apparently, is philogenetically determined as one of great number of methods to obtain the optimum expressed inflammation as the defence adjusment reaction. It is set that at inflammation on a background of eosinophilia there is a disturbance of natural intensity and dynamics of cellular reactions of an inflammatory focus and blood system as a whole. Pre-conditions are created for strengthening and acuteness of inflamematory process, and alterative phenolmena, from one side, and for delaying outcome and chronization of the process, from another side. The results testify to essential significance of eosinophils for development and course of non-immune inflammation. It is set that eosinophils and mast cells at inflammation mutually activates and at the same time control the reactions of each other. Eosinophils at inflammation are not only regulatory cells, but also they are cell-effectors; they directly participatie, along with neutrophils, in elimination of phlogogen and damaged tissues and in secondary alteration. A degree of inplementation: the results are implemented in an educational process on the departments ofpathological physiology of the Kharkiv, Donetsk, Crimean, Lugansk medical universities, Sumu State University and Ukrainian Medical Stomatology Academy (Poltava). Using Sphere: medicine, biology, pathological phisiology. The results can be used in further research work, in teaching of pathological phisiology, and for improvement of principles and methods of pathogenetic anti-inflammatory therapy.
