Shum O. The problem of humanism in the publicism of M. Gorky 1920s - 1930s.

The dissertation is devoted to the research of the variety of humanistic ideas, incarnated in M. Gorky's publicism of 1920s - 1930s. Scantily investigated ideological concepts "proletarian humanism", "eternal revolutionism", "spirituality", which defined the originality of his publicistic and dramatical pieces of the soviet period, are first examined in the ideological connection with the pre-revolution works by M. Gorky.. The evolution of the antropotsentric conception of M. Gorky is observed in the thesis, its self-contradictions are revealed, the conflict between the writer's antropotsentrizm and his christian humanism is analyzed. The image of a positive hero "ordinary, but great" person is specified. Gorky's idea of the "eternal" revolutionism is examined in the connection with the central one in the late works of the writer with the help of antinomy " element-culture" and in the comparison with a similar idea of I. Franko, and also with L. Trotsky's theory of permanent revolution. The basic factors of M. Gorky's new spirituality conception are analysed - intellectual energy and "leading" idea, the philosophical hidden motive of the idea of collectivism are explored.