Lysenko O. The Nature of Lyricism in Ukrainian 19th- early 20th century Sonnets.

The dissertation studies the nature of lyricism by analyzing the sonnets of 19th - early 20th century poets (T. Bordulyak, U. Kravchenko, A. Metlynskyi, Olena Pchilka, V. Samiylenko, Lesia Ukrayinka, Y. Fedkovych, I. Franko, M. Shashkevych, O. Shpyhotskyi, and others).It proves that the first Ukrainian sonnet writers (A. Metlynskyi, M. Ustyjanovych, O. Shpyhotskyi, and others) tended to diversify motives, expand imagery, and describe any events solely through their inner feelings and experiences. Consequently, this deepened the lyrization and brought a traditional Ukrainian voice to the European genre of sonnet. The nature of Ukrainian lyricism is determined by intrinsic factors of the national psychology with prevailing emotional and sensuous features, which is naturally reflected on the verbal and figurative level. The development of literary descriptive tradition becomes prevalent - poets use more and more images to describe a person's inner world (tears, eyes, hope, love, dream), as well as symbolic images of dawn, song, heavens, hell, blood, and sun.