Karchauskas V. Pathophysiology of kidneys and osmotic homeostasis in the cadmiums of nephropathy

Dissertation is devoted to the study of pathogenetic mechanisms of renal function’s disturbanees of white rats in the conditions of one time injection of cadmium dichloride into animal’s organism in dose 0,1 mg and 1 mg/kg of the mass of the body in 2 and 7 days after introduction of salts of cadmium in the conditions of induced diuresis (water loading in the volume of 5 % from the mass of the body and osmotic loading by 3 % solution of chloride of sodium in the volum of 5 % from the mass of the body which were introducad into the stomach). It has been established, that there is the decrease of renal filtration’s speed and excreation of endogenic nitrates after injection of salts of cadmium in dose of 0,1 mg/kg of the mass og the body on the background of expressed signs of nephron’s injured tubular part (proteinuria and the increase of renal losses of osmotic active substances). In this case, osmotic loading stimutated the increase of proteinuria, as in 2 days, as in 7 days. It was shown, that there were registrated the decrease of proteinuria and restoration of renal filtration’s speed and excretion of the endogenous nitrates in 7 days after injection in the conditions of water loading. Analysis of the renal reaction of rats on water and osmotic loading shows negative dynamics of cadmium induced renal deficiency in this animal’s group in 7 days after injection cadmium dichloride in dose 1 mg/kg of the mass of the body: the increase of level and stimulated indexes of renal filtration’s speed with proteinuria. The conclusion is made that renal-toxical effect of cadmium’s ions is conditional by injure of the glomerular apparatus of the kidneys. This effect is expressed by reduction of creatinin’s clirens and absence of the increase of renal filtration in the conditions of osmotic loading, as result of blockade of mechanisms of renal functional reserve.