Tsvyk T. Anthropogenic-genetic conditionality of formation of the phosphate regime of brown soils in the Carpathian mountainous province

Object - phosphate regime of soils of natural and anthropogenic-transformed biogeocenosis of the Carpathian mountainous province. Purpose - determination of the phosphate regime parameters of brown soils formation in the Carpathian mountainous province depending on their genetic peculiarities, type of fitocenosis, possible conditions of soil formation and factors of anthropogenesis. Methods - profile-genetic comparative-geographic, laboratory-analytical, mathematic-statistic. Theoretical results - there were defined phosphate regime of brown soils of the Carpathian mountainous province in the case of extensive use of bay-field and pastures under the influence of different types of plant precipitation on the background of possible conditions of moisture, drain melioration and compounds containing Ca. For the first time there were determined the peculiarities of brown soils phosphate regime formation with different genetic characteristics under the influence of liming phosphorus and liming in combination with phosphoric, and also the directions of its transformation brownish-podzolic drained and not-drained soil, improved by chemical ameliorants. There was substantiated the objectivity of use phosphate concentration indexes in weak-salt extract from the soil for agroecological monitoring of brown soils. Practical results - for the first time there were obtained time dynamics indexes of moving phosphates in brownish-podzolic drained and not-drained soil. There was determined the fact tent the dependence of formation on their physical-chemical characteristics is revealed under different conditions of their functioning. There were proposed the ways for improvement of phosphate regime in brown mountainous-meadow, podzolic-brown, brownish-podzolic soils. Novelty - is in determination of peculiarities of phosphate regime indexes formation i.e. fractioned of mineral phosphates in the terms of profile of brown soils type depending on their genetic peculiarities under the forest and grass fitocenosis. It was grown under the influence of draining brownish-podzolic soils the fractions of mineral phosphates are transferred in the direction of increasing the content of Ca phosphate by profile and Fe phosphates in upper genetic horizons on the background of decreasing the content of Al phosphate and phosphates content in weak-salt extracts becomes maximal in a year and comes back to the original level in 2 years since the moment of introducing chemical ameliorants in the soil with drain and without it. The criteria for agroecological monitoring of brown soils type on the basis of phosphate regime indexes were substantiated. The tight correlation connections between phosphate regime indexes and physico-chemical properties of the brown soils was determined on the conditions of different regions of moisture and different kinds of plant precipitations and also after interaction with chemical ameliorants. Degree of application - on the basis of the obtained results there were proposed the indexes for agroecological monitoring of brown soils used in extensive way postures and also those improved by chemical ameliorants The results of the investigations will be applied in practice of phosphate regime improvement of brown soils with different genetic characteristics. The materials of the dissertation investigation can be used in the teaching process of the following disciplines: Chemistry of soils, Agrochemistry, Basis Soil Science in Agronomy and Soil Science in Biology. The field is scientifically-educational and nature protective.