Object - Thymic neoplasms; Objective -To improve the results of diagnostics and surgical treatment of the thymic neoplasms by means of developing the rational diagnostic and treatment tactics; Methods - Chest X-ray, pneumomediastinography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance tomography, biopsy methods, statistical; Novelty - The most informative methods of diagnostic of thymic neoplasms were revealed. The most effective biopsy techniques were established. The algorithm of diagnostics of of thymic neoplasms was developed. Essential differences in the course of myasthenia gravis in cases of combination with thymoma were revealed. For the first time the role of different methods of surgical treatment of thymic neoplasms and their influence on long-term survival rate of patients were specified; Results - The most informative diagnostic method was computed tomography which allowed to establish invasive character of tumor growth before operation in 89,1% cases. Also effective was magnetic resonance tomography, pneumomediastinography. The invasive growth of tumor was identified before operation in 89,7% of patients of main group by comparison to 65,2% of patients of group of comparison. Explorative operations amount were decreasing from 8,2% to 1,0%. The most effective biopsy techniques were videothoracoscopic and videomediastinoscopic biopsy, that allowed to obtain histological diagnosis in 100% cases. Also effective were transthoracic puncture and thoracoscopic biopsy, which effectiveness in main group were increased in 29,1% and 20,5% accordingly. Unit weight of the radically operated patients were raised from 82,0% to 92,1%. The resectability in cases of invasion were enhanced on 58,8%. Long-term results testify to high efficiency and reasonability of the extended radical operations, appropriateness of subtotal resection in cases of impossibility of radical surgical intervention, unreasonability of all tymic tissue removal in cases of thymic neoplasms without the evidence of invasion in surrounding structures and absence of myasthenia, аll the methods are introduced in a medical practice, educational process;branch-medicine.
