The Thesis defines basic regularities in spatio-temporal organization of the Western Tripolian population of the Bug and the Dnieper interflueve in the temporal continuum based on the application of the methods of theoretic simulation. The main research methods are analysis, synthesis, and theoretic modeling. Standard methods of the mathematic statistics (ranking and groping) were used while working with numeric values of the factors. The methods of spatial analysis ("gravity model", range-size rule, character expression of the Central Place Theory of M. Beckmann, "xtent model") were used to study the regularities in the location of settlement groups. Dwellings and separate population aggregates are classified by the area factor. Whereas the sizes of round or oval settlements were calculated previously with the application of the formula of rectangle area, the area of the sites were calculated with the help of oval area formula. Obtained results helped to impartially classify the population aggregates by the specified factor. Separate sites are grouped by the factor of the distance between the conventional centers of the pair of the population aggregates. The specialists (Yu.M. Lesman, P.M. Kozhin et al.) often criticized serial method of ranking of artifacts and their complexes used in the basic local and chronologic schema of site segmentation by S.N. Ryzhov. Therefore, we considered the possible meanings of the main factor of the mentioned schema, which is the regularities in the statistic combination of morphological and stylistic peculiarities of ceramic complex and proposed three variants of the relative chronology of the settlements of the Western Tripolian culture in the Bug and the Dnieper interflueve. The analysis of the intensity of cultural contacts of the population with the application of "gravity model" specifies the fact that the possibility to obtain horologic and chronologic information is immanently included in the methods (the issue was raised by C. Crumley and M.A. Kolesnikov). Obtained results could make it possible to specify the schema of the relative chronology of the sites by S.N. Ryzhov on the level of statistic probabilities. Settlements of Vladimirovka group are referred to three chronologically consecutive stages of development. Three stages are singled out in the range of the second phase of Nebelevka group; two stages are singled out in the range of third phase of the Tomashovka group. Besides, we defined the synchronicity of the population aggregates of the third stage of Vladimirovka group with the settlement of the first phase of Nebelevka group, population aggregates of the third stage of Nebelevka and the earliest settlements of Kanev group with the settlements of the first phase of Tomashovka group. The development of the models of spatial arrangement of the population confirms indirectly acceptability of the obtained index that is 3.9 people per one building and coincides with the figures proposed by A.G. Korvin-Piotrovsky. Besides modelling of the average family could indicate the synchronous functioning of about 78% of dwelling complexes and it is in conformity with the data regarding the microchronology of the settlement Bernashevka 2 of Petreny group on the Dnestr (A.G. Korvin-Piotrovsky, T.M. Tkachuk). Formation of the middle and large-sized settlements may be was connected with the inflow of migrants from other local formations in the South Bug and the Dnieper interflueve. Spatial analysis data and the results of paleodemographic calculations prove that. In what follows we can clearly see the segmentation of the large population aggregates of Vladimirovka and Nebelevka group and after that, the same is for Kosenovka local group. The segmentation tendency is especially expressed in the forest area of the temperate zone. Most probably slash and burn specific for this area could not provide the functioning of the larger population aggregates. Application of the spatial analysis methods ("gravity model", settlement system models by C. Smith and L. Mink. range-size rule, character expression of the Central Place Theory by M. Beckmann) indicates the relatively weak development of exchange relations and transport networks. The nature of settlement system optimization of Tripolian tribes described by K-evaluation K=2 in the terms of the Central Place Theory is inherent in the territories with the plenty of free land, thin settlement of the population, costly transport expenditures (in our case it is weak development of transport network). Middle and large-sized settlements can be interpreted as the centers of space saving population groups. The economy of the bearers of the Westerntripolian culture most probably was based on three main principles (K. Polanyi): mutuality (mutual help), redistribution (surplus redistribution), and household economy (production for own demands). Social organization of the Westerntripolian population of the Bug and the Dnieper interflueve can be characterized by the term "complex chiefdom" (or by Yu.I. Semenov' typology it is the term "protopolytarchy"). Consolidation of tribal chief power transferring its position hereditably may be was facilitated by the continuous necessity to organize the population in the resettlement to the new location, distribution of ground areas. The proposed understanding of social and politic organization of the population based on the analysis of the regularities in the system of settlements of Tripolian tribes is mostly close to the characteristics of Tripolian community previously proved by V.M. Masson [Masson, 1900]. Key words: chiefdom, chronology, demographic situation, economics, spatial analysis, socio-political organization, theoretical modeling, Westerntripolian culture.
