Proskurniak O. The Psychological Structure and the Peculiarities of Display of the Phenomenon of the Preparedness to Motherhood.

We have created the model for the structure of PtM, developed a structural-graphic scheme of its studying. It is estblished that PtM is a complex dynamic psychical formation that includes: firm positive motivation for mothering; actualization of knowledge, formulation of socio-psychological skills and habits necessary for realization of basic functions of motherhood; the development of the personal qualities of a mother, her ability to understand the child emotionally and to control herself, to treat the child constructively. PtM is a synthesis of interrelated components - motivational-valuable, cognitive, affective-regulative, and behavioural. Level assessment of their development gives us a possibility to make a prognosis of the preparedness of a woman to perform the role of a mother. We have discovered that most of the questioned mothers have already formed components of PtM, the part of pregnant women and especially wifes, which were not pregnant, have these components in the process of development. In general the selection of wives statistically significantly differ from two other selections according to many parameters, which witness their insufficient formation of both separate components of the preparedness and the preparedness of the young wife to the motherhood as an integral phenomenon. The adequate level of PtM is formed gradually (at every stage of the personality development this or that component of preparedness is strengthened) and reaches its optimum, when a woman becomes a mother who takes the responsibility for the life and development of the child. We have worked out the system of psychological-pedagogical means to increase the level of PtM.