Ruban E. Toxicological characteristics and hygienic work conditions in production of metalcomplex azodyers (riazolans)

The work is devoted to the scientific grounding of the system of measures on improvement of work conditions and prophylaxis of occupational pathology in workers of production of acidic metalcomplex azodyers (riazolans) and to researches of their toxicological properties. It is found that by the criterion of acute toxicity, when administrated into the stomach, dyes are referred to the 3rd and to the 4th Class as moderate and low dangerous dangerous substances. For all dyes a poorly expressed effect is marked on the skin and mucous membranes of eyes, they irritate the skin (except for riazolan bordeaux). Ganado- and embryotoxic effects of these dyes are not expressed. Allergenic and mutagenic properties were not found. When determining an inhalation effect on experimental animals it was found that riazolans expressed a general toxic effect on the body, with a primary respiratory effect on the functional state: nervous system, number of erythrocytes and concentration of hemoglobin); changes of behavioral reactions, respiratory rate, activity of the enzyme system, blood, function of liver and kidneys. It was determined that workers of main profession of this production are exposed to chemical factors within 81 - 89,6 % of the working time. Work conditions and carcinogenic risks in the production of metalcomplex dyers (riazolans) have been analyzed. It has been found that workers engaged in riazolans production are subjected to harmful effect of chemicals, some of which are proved to be carcinogenic for humans. In the process of epidemiological cohort analysis no malignant neoplasms, characteristic of the effect of carcinogenic chemicals, used in the riazolans production, have been found in target organs. The integrated value of risk for the health of workers, by the MOT method, is referred to "moderate degree of risk" (R-ІІІ), which proves the necessity for development and realization of the planning additional measures, directed at improvement of conditions and safety at work. A combination of measures is proposed of sanitary and hygienic character on improvement of work conditions and prevention of probable occupational diseases in workers, engaged in metal-containing dyer production.