Sytina O. Migration of heavy metals in the soil-plant system of technogennic landscapes (on the example of Luhansk)

Object - the migration of heavy metals in the soil-plant system of technogennic landscapes. Purpose - establishing conformities of the migration law of heavy metals in the soil-plant system. Methods - field and laboratory-analytical researches; the methods of correlative, regressive and dispersive analyses. Theoretical results - the conformities of the migration law of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn, Co, Cr) are determined in the soil-plant system in the conditions of high technogennic loading on the example of Luhansk. It is proved that the organic matter in soils, textural composition and soils reaction are able to regulate the migration of heavy metals in the plants, and these factors influence substantially the mobility of heavy metals in soils. It is estimated that accumulation of heavy metals by the plants takes place through soil and air, and the prevalence of one or the other depends on the physiology of plants, chemical properties of the element, etc. Practical results - a comprehensive estimation of technogennic landscape contamination by heavy metals was conducted, taking into account the role of the soil and its properties. The natural content of heavy metals in soils and plants of Luhansk region was determined, giving the possibility of certain estimation of the soils and plants contamination levels. For the first time the spatial distribution mapshemes of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn, Co, Cr) in soils (gross and mobile forms) and plants were made for Luhansk, which is the base information for subsequent works on the local monitoring and applied recommendations development. Novelty - lays in the theoretical motivation of the migration law of heavy metals in the soil-plant system of technogennic landscapes, taking into account the influence of air absorption of the plants. It is shown that the data of heavy metals content in soils, plants and atmospheric depositions is necessary for comprehensive estimation of the ecosystem status of technogennic landscapes. It is exposed that technogennic soils of Luhansk correspond to the levels of middle and high buffer of contamination by heavy metals in accordance with textural composition, soil solution reaction and organic matter. Degree of application - the results of the work are recommended for use by the ecological safety department of Luhansk town council for the conduct of local soil and plants monitoring. Materials of the dissertation work can be used in the educational process as a part of teaching such disciplines as soil science, soil protection and ecology. The field is scientifically-educational and nature protective.