Bogomaz O. Spatio-temporal organization of walking in young men and women under performance of motor and cognitive tasks

The research object is physiological mechanisms of the human gait pattern formation. The research purpose: to set the physiological features of the human gait spatio-temporal parameters taking into account the functions lateralization and person temperament and define direction and dependence of their changes at realization of additional motor/cognitive tasks. The research methods: the gait spatio-temporal parameters were determined by the electronic computer-assisted GAITRite® carpet; the handedness estimation was conducted by the standard tests set; the temperament type was determined by Eysenk questionnaire; for determination of authenticity of the got results a statistical method was applied. Theoretical and practical results, novelty: it was proven that physiological mechanisms which are responsible for control of the ordinary gait spatio-temporal parameters operate identically in sinistral and dextral persons. It was set that mechanisms which predetermine the temperament types do not produce a substantial influence on the control of the ordinary gait spatio-temporal parameters. For the first time it was shown that at gait with additional motor task both parameters which are under the influence of the movement regulation mechanisms and parameters which are controlled by the mechanisms of the posture and equilibrium control change (base of support, toe in/toe out). It was set the cognitive task makes a greater effect on reorganization of the gait temporal pattern with the change in the stride cycle structure than motor task. Influence of the person temperament on the spatio-temporal parameters of gait with additional motor/cognitive tasks was demonstrated. Got spatio-temporal parameters can be used in diagnostic practice, in practice of rehabilitation treatment, in sport selection. Area of introduction: educational process, scientific efforts; practice of the Nervous System Diseases and Orthopaedics and Traumatology Departments of Vinnitsa National Pirogov Memorial Medical University.