The dissertation presents data on the evaluation of the effect of citric acid and Ge, I, Se, S citrates that were obtained by nanotechnology on physiological processes in the body of rats and broiler chickens. Citric acid, used during physiological and sexual maturation, fertilization, pregnancy, and lactation of female rats at a concentration of 80 mg/l in F0, F1 generations, causes some negative impact on the reproductive capacity of females, embryo development, fetuses, and the number of births rats in both generations. The total embryonic mortality in female rats tends to increase, in particular, the rates of preimplantation (F0 - 15.8 % vs. 4.2 in control; F1 - 26.7 % vs. 17.1 in control) and postimplantation (F1 - 9.1 %) mortality. A probable decrease in the fertility of females of both generations was found twice concerning control animals (F0 - 1.5 % vs. 3.0 in control; F1 - 1.25 % vs. 2.5 in control). The inhibitory effect of citric acid on embryo implantation was established, in particular in F0 generation - a probable decrease in the number of implantation sites by 28.8 %, in F1 generation - a tendency to decrease by
27.8 %. Citric acid stimulates physiological processes that increase the notable fertility of rats in F1 females and the growth rate of F1 and F2 offspring. In F2 males, a probable increase in body weight before control was observed during the entire period of the citric acid use, in females - from the first to 47 and from 117 to 137 days. A certain inhibitory effect of citric acid on the rate of sensory-motor reflexes formation and coordination of movements in rats up to 18 days of growth and development in the F1 generation was established. In F2 generation rats, due to the action of citric acid, the horizontal motor activity is higher on 14 days, and from the 18th day during the period of ethological adaptation, the pendulum reflex and ringing are formed faster. At 40 days of life, the strengthening of horizontal and vertical motor and research activity in males and the level of rering in females F1 was established. F2 males showed less horizontal and vertical activity than females. The use of I, Se, S citrates in low doses to young rats causes a stimulating effect on the intensity of body growth and the dynamics of body weight: under the action of 2.4 μg I / kg b.w. on 10-20 days, 24 μg I / kg b. w. - 10 days. Increasing the dose of I, Se, S citrates to 2.4 mg/ kg b.w. causes a violent decrease in body weight and internal organs of rats - heart, liver, spleen, as well as an increase in the coefficients of mass of the lungs, kidneys, and testicles. A decrease in the average concentration of hemoglobin in erythrocytes and an increase in the level of leukocytes was revealed, against the background of a decrease in lymphocytes, an increase in monocytes and granulocytes. The concentrations of I citrate used in broiler chickens in combination with Se and S citrates on the background of coccidiostat use with and without feed cause probable changes in the content of thyroid hormones and I in the blood, as well as lipid, protein, and mineral metabolism. The concentration of I in water 5 and 30 μg / l in the finishing period, after the removal of coccidiostats from the diet, increased the growth rate of poultry by 26.7 %. Approbation of watering I, Se, S citrates with water to broiler chickens on a population of 21 thousand at modern technological production facilities at the rate of I in water 5 μg / l from 24 to 48 days of poultry farming provided an additional 3,300 kg increase, and increased preservation of livestock by 0.5 %. Based on modern blood, tissues, organs, and systems of the body research methods, the dissertation work formulated new methodological approaches to the comprehensive assessment of physiological processes in animals under the exposure of citric acid and Ge, I, Se, S citrates obtained by nanotechnology.
