Benda R. Optimization of the methods of growing of the winter barley in the conditions of northern part of Steppe of Ukraine

The object of study – the features of plants growth and development, the formation of their grain productivity, depending on the sowing time, sowing rate and level of a mineral nutrition in the conditions of northern part of Steppe of Ukraine. Purpose – study the features of plants growth and development of winter barley, depending on the sowing time, sowing rate and level of a mineral nutrition in the conditions of northern part of Steppe of Ukraine. Methods - fields (phenological observations, biometric measurements of plants, accounting harvest) laboratory (grain quality and agrochemical analysis of soil and plants) current (economic efficiency) statistic (processing of the experimental data with sophisticated programs on the PC), and the well-known scientific methods (dialectics, analysis, synthesis, method of hypotheses, modeling). Results: Determined the optimal sowing time, sowing rate and the level of mineral nutrition of winter barley when placing it affer stubble predecessor - spring barley, the use of which provides a yield increase compared with the existing technology from 0.35 to 0.55 tons per hectare of grain in northern part of Steppe of Ukraine. Research results have been tested in a production environment and implemented in the fields of Dnipropetrovsk region on area of 1.5 thousands hectares. The economic effect is 350–550 UAH per ha. Novelty - the first time in northern Steppe of Ukraine studied various sowing time of winter barley after stubble predecessor (spring barley) and studied the effect of different plant dehsity and spring nitrogen fertilizing of different ages of plants on the growth, development and productivity of crops. Sets variation of agronomic characters, depending on these factors. The optimal parameters of investigated factors for obtaining maximum yield of winter barley. Are determined the economic efficiency of cultivation of winter barley under different sowing time, seeding rate and the level of mineral nutrition. Sector – agriculture.