Mashyhina P. Atmosphere pollution prediction at the urban sites with the account of the terrain

The object of the research is the process of air pollution after accidents with chemically-hazardous substances. Research methods: method of numerical simulation of hydrodynamic processes and the process of mass transfer. The numerical integration of the differential equations is carried out using the implicit differencing scheme of splitting. Theoretical and practical results: All developed in the thesis numerical models and the methods which are built on their basis and developed to predict the atmosphere pollution are implemented as specialized software packages (codes). The application of developed numerical models allows to predict the dynamics of the atmospheric pollution in a residential area with an account of the terrain in emergency situations and without the increased requirements to computers and this allow the wide use of them for the serial runnings. On the basis of the developed models it is possible to predict the risk of toxic hitting people, both on the ground and in natural bunkers, buildings. That is a very important task for PLAS (localization and liquidation of accident situations). Scientific novelty: a 2-D CFD model to predict the atmosphere pollution and based on hydrodynamic models of potential flow was developed. This model allows fast to calculate the dispersion of pollutant in the atmosphere with account of terrain, profile of wind speed, different turbulent diffusion coefficients and different accident releases; a 3-D CFD model to predict the atmosphere pollution and based on hydrodynamic model of potential flow was developed. This model does not need power full computers and allow to calculate the pollutant dispersion with account of complex terrain, wind speed profile, turbulent diffusion coefficients, different accident releases. An advanced 2-D CFD model to predict the atmosphere pollution and based on hydrodynamic model of vortex separated flows of the invisid fluid was developed. This model allows to take into account terrain, wind speed profile, turbulent diffusion coefficients, different types of accident releases, type of geometrical form of clouds, formed at the accident site. Implementation extent: the developed numerical models are used at the Dnipropetrovsk Department of Ministry of Emergency at the State Enterprise "Pridneprovskiy ETC", in the DNUZT after аcademician V. Lazarian educational process. Range of application: the models can be used at the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources, at the Rescue teams of Special State Transport Service; development of PLAS for chemically hazard enterprises.